Tips: Listen for the part where the speaker gives a personal opinion. Notice the condition the speaker adds.

Why the other options are wrong:

• as long as rural communities share in the benefits.: The worry about rural communities comes from critics. The speaker does not make it the condition for support.
• as long as healthcare and housing are not cut to pay for it.: Healthcare and housing come from the opponents' side. The speaker's own condition is careful and open planning.
• as long as the first lines are built on quieter routes.: The speaker suggests the opposite. The first lines should go where demand is already high.

Correct Answer: boost the economies of cities such as Kingston.

Why this is correct: Dr. Singh says better rail could boost regional economies. The speaker then gives Kingston as an example of a city along the route.

Tips: When you hear a name, listen to the words that come right after it. Those words are that person's view.

Why the other options are wrong:

• make train journeys more reliable for travellers.: Reliable travel is a point from supporters in general. It is not what Dr. Singh is reported to say.
• cut the pollution produced by each passenger.: Less pollution belongs to the environmental argument. Dr. Singh speaks about the economy.
• boost the economies of Toronto and Montreal.: Gains for major cities are what critics fear. Dr. Singh talks about regional economies, and Kingston is the example.

Correct Answer: the environmental argument matters, since many Canadians worry about emissions.

Why this is correct: The survey found that 62% of Canadians are concerned about emissions from transport. The speaker uses it to back the environmental argument.

Tips: When a survey is mentioned, ask which argument the speaker is talking about at that moment.

Why the other options are wrong:

• the travel argument matters, since many Canadians are tired of delays.: The speaker does say people are frustrated with delays. But that is not a survey result, and the survey is about emissions.
• the environmental argument matters, since electric trains pollute far less than planes.: Electric trains do pollute less, but that is a separate fact the speaker adds. The survey measured how many Canadians worry about emissions.
• the cost argument matters, since many Canadians want more spent on housing.: Only some people say the money should go to housing. The survey is about emissions, not spending.

Correct Answer: understanding, since Canada has many competing needs.

Why this is correct: The speaker says this is not a silly concern. The speaker agrees that Canada has many needs and public money is limited.

Tips: Listen to how the speaker reacts right after describing the other side. Short comments often show the speaker's feeling.

Why the other options are wrong:

• worried, since the price runs into the billions.: The billions are mentioned by opponents. The speaker respects the concern but believes it can be addressed, so the speaker is not worried.
• dismissive, since rail would bring in business investment.: The speaker does not brush the concern aside. The speaker says clearly that it is not a silly concern.
• annoyed, since the issue keeps coming up again and again.: It is the rail idea that comes up again and again, not the cost concern. The speaker shows no annoyance.

Correct Answer: about as quick as flying, door to door.

Why this is correct: The reports say the Toronto to Montreal trip could take about three hours. With airport security and airport travel counted, rail could compete with flying.

Tips: After a report or study is named, listen to the next sentence. It often tells you why the speaker used it.

Why the other options are wrong:

• faster than flying, door to door.: The speaker says competitive, which means about the same. The speaker does not say rail would beat flying.
• about as quick as driving, door to door.: Traffic is only mentioned as a general frustration. The travel time is compared with flying, not driving.
• slower than flying, but more reliable.: Supporters do say rail would be more reliable. But the travel time is used to show rail is competitive with flying, not slower.

Correct Answer: It already gains from small rises in train traffic.

Why this is correct: Her café is near the station. She says even small increases in train traffic already help local businesses, so her café likely gains now.

Tips: When someone shares a personal story, think about what it means for that person's own situation now.

Why the other options are wrong:

• It will gain once faster trains are built.: Faster trains could make a real difference later. But she says small increases in train traffic already help, so the gain has started.
• It gains little now, since few trains stop there.: She says even small increases already help. So train traffic already matters to businesses like hers.
• It gains mainly from local people, not travellers.: She links her business to train traffic. That means travellers matter, not only local people.