Tips: Several groups give their view in this report. Decide which view the speaker gives as their own.

Why the other options are wrong:

• Brain drain is a real concern, but moving abroad is normal and little can be done about it.: Some experts call movement normal, but they say Canada should focus on keeping staff. The report says the problem can be reduced.
• Brain drain is a real concern, but it mostly affects rural and northern communities.: Rural and northern communities are one group's worry. The speaker never says the problem is mostly a rural one.
• Brain drain is a real concern, and governments are to blame rather than the workers.: The speaker says governments could improve conditions. The speaker does not put the blame on governments.

Correct Answer: Canada pays to train workers who may leave just as they are gaining experience.

Why this is correct: This group says Canada invests heavily in training. They find it alarming to lose professionals just as they are gaining experience.

Tips: Several groups talk about workers leaving. Keep each group's reason linked to that group.

Why the other options are wrong:

• Canada pays to train workers who may leave before they finish their residency.: The worry is about losing people just as they are gaining experience. The report talks about newly licensed nurses, not people still in training.
• Canada pays to train workers who may leave because of constant overtime.: Constant overtime comes from the nurse who moved to Australia. That story belongs to people who see leaving as understandable.
• Canada pays to train workers who may leave for higher pay in other countries.: Higher pay is a reason given by people who see leaving as understandable. The serious-threat group does not talk about pay.

Correct Answer: That in some areas, patients must travel far because no specialist is nearby.

Why this is correct: The speaker's neighbour in Thunder Bay travelled over two hours to see a specialist. No one was available locally.

Tips: Keep each example linked to the place and the point it illustrates.

Why the other options are wrong:

• That in some areas, patients may wait months for a new family doctor.: Waiting months for a replacement comes from the family doctor on local radio. The neighbour's story is about travelling to a specialist.
• That in some areas, people in smaller towns worry about getting care on time.: Worry about timely care is a general point from the start of the report. It is not what the neighbour's story shows.
• That in some areas, emergency rooms are already short of staff.: Short-staffed emergency rooms come from the group that sees a serious threat. The neighbour's story is about a specialist.

Correct Answer: Working conditions in Canada that push people away.

Why this is correct: This group says workers leave for better pay, balance and patient loads. They say the problem is working conditions that push people away.

Tips: Listen for what this group says the problem is, and what they say it is not.

Why the other options are wrong:

• A lack of loyalty among workers who choose to leave.: This group says the problem is not a lack of loyalty. They reject this explanation directly.
• Public money spent training workers who later leave.: Public money spent on training is the point made by the group that sees a serious threat.
• A global job market in which moving abroad is normal.: Movement in a global workforce is the middle-ground experts' point. It is not this group's view.

Correct Answer: Unconvinced by it, since it misses the real point.

Why this is correct: The speaker says blaming healthcare workers misses the point. The speaker clearly does not accept this kind of blame.

Tips: Listen for how sure the speaker sounds when talking about blame.

Why the other options are wrong:

• Sympathetic to it, since some workers do lack loyalty.: The speaker never says workers lack loyalty. The report presents loyalty as the wrong explanation.
• Undecided about it, since both sides have valid points.: The speaker does say both sides have valid points. But on blaming workers, the speaker is clear that it misses the point.
• Alarmed by it, since emergency rooms are short of staff.: Feeling alarmed belongs to the group that sees a serious threat. The speaker does not react to blame with alarm.

Correct Answer: About 60 nurses.

Why this is correct: The 2023 report found that nearly 15% of newly licensed nurses considered working abroad. 15% of 400 is 60.

Tips: Note the exact figure in the report, then apply it to the new group.

Why the other options are wrong:

• About 340 nurses.: 340 is the other 85% of the group. These are the nurses who did not consider leaving.
• About 80 nurses.: 80 would be 20% of 400. The report said nearly 15%, not 20%.
• About 320 nurses.: 320 would be 80% of 400. That is far above the reported figure of nearly 15%.