Read the following passage.
A. Kluane National Park and Reserve is tucked into the southwest corner of the Yukon, bordering British Columbia to the south and Alaska to the west. It covers 21,980 square kilometres. Glaciers and icefields cover about 80 per cent of the park. The rest is a narrow green belt of forest and alpine tundra, where Dall sheep are the most abundant large mammal and moose, mountain goats and grizzly and black bears also live. With three neighbouring parks in Alaska and British Columbia, it forms the largest internationally protected area in the world.
B. The park's mountains belong to the St. Elias Mountains, which form two ranges here. The Kluane Ranges, averaging about 2,500 metres, run beside the highway, and behind them the Icefield Ranges rise above 5,000 metres. Among them stands Mount Logan, at 5,959 metres the highest mountain in Canada. Huge icefields, in places up to a kilometre deep, feed long valley glaciers. Some of these glaciers surge: a surging glacier can travel 100 times faster than normal, and Lowell Glacier has surged five times since 1948. In the last 50 years, the area covered by ice has shrunk by 20 per cent, and more than 230 small glaciers have disappeared.
C. Kluane lies within the traditional territory of the Southern Tutchone people, represented by two First Nations: Champagne and Aishihik, and Kluane. For thousands of years they travelled widely, following the seasonal supply of wildlife and plants. Their name for Kluane Lake means "big fish lake", the Tlingit called the area "whitefish country", and early settlers built the name Kluane from these two names. In 1943 the area became the Kluane Game Sanctuary, and First Nations lost access to hunting, fishing and trapping on much of their territory. Land claim agreements signed in 1993 and 2003 restored their right to hunt, fish and gather plants in the park, which they now manage together with Parks Canada.
D. Most visitors begin at the park visitor centre in the community of Haines Junction. A short drive away is Kathleen Lake, backed by the Kluane Range, and the park has hundreds of kilometres of trails for every level of ability. The interior, however, can usually be reached only on a flightseeing tour or a serious mountaineering or ski expedition. In spring, fall and winter, visitors often see Dall sheep feeding on the windswept slopes of Sheep Mountain. Parks Canada asks drivers to slow down there, because it is working to reduce collisions between sheep and vehicles on the Alaska Highway.
E. Not given in any of the above paragraphs.
Decide which paragraph, A to D, has the information given in each statement below. Select E if the information is not given in any of the paragraphs.
AI explanationShows the answer. Tap to open.
Correct Answer: D
Why this is correct: Look at paragraph D: the interior can usually be reached only on a flightseeing tour or a serious mountaineering or ski expedition. The interior is the central part, and a flightseeing tour travels by air. A serious mountaineering trip is a hard climb.
Passage Reference: The interior, however, can usually be reached only on a flightseeing tour or a serious mountaineering or ski expedition.
Tips: The statement says 'only from the air or on a hard climbing trip'. Check which part of the park this is, and how the easy areas compare.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: Paragraph A gives the park's location, size and wildlife. But it never explains how people get into the middle of the park.
- B: Paragraph B names the high ranges and Mount Logan, yet it describes the mountains themselves, not how travellers reach them.
- C: The third paragraph is about the Southern Tutchone people and the land claims, with nothing about flights or climbing trips.
- E: The flightseeing tour and the serious mountaineering expedition are named in Paragraph D as the usual ways into the interior.
Correct Answer: E
Passage Reference: Most visitors begin at the park visitor centre in the community of Haines Junction.
Why this is correct: Notice that paragraph D names Haines Junction as the place where most visitors start, at the visitor centre. It also mentions flightseeing tours. It never says where those flights take off, so the link between the two is not made.
Tips: Two facts sit in Paragraph D. Check whether the passage actually joins them.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: Paragraph A describes where the park lies and what covers it. It mentions no town and no flights.
- B: Paragraph B is about the mountains and glaciers, and no air tours or airports appear in it.
- C: Look at paragraph C: it covers First Nations territory, the game sanctuary of 1943 and the land claims. It does not cover how tours are run today.
- D: Haines Junction appears in paragraph D only as the home of the visitor centre. The flightseeing tours are mentioned without any starting point.
Correct Answer: B
Passage Reference: Among them stands Mount Logan, at 5,959 metres the highest mountain in Canada.
Why this is correct: The second paragraph says Mount Logan, at 5,959 metres, is the highest mountain in Canada. It stands among the park's ranges. The highest mountain is the tallest one, so the statement matches.
Tips: Several paragraphs mention mountains. Look for the one that compares a peak with the rest of Canada.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: Notice that paragraph A says ice covers most of the park and lists its animals, but it does not name any mountain.
- C: Look at paragraph C: it discusses the traditional territory and Kluane Lake, and no mountain height is mentioned there.
- D: In paragraph D, the writer mentions the Kluane Range behind Kathleen Lake and Sheep Mountain. Yet neither is called the highest in Canada.
- E: Mount Logan and its height of 5,959 metres are given in Paragraph B, the paragraph about the ranges.
Correct Answer: A
Passage Reference: Glaciers and icefields cover about 80 per cent of the park.
Why this is correct: Paragraph A says glaciers and icefields cover about 80 per cent of the park. Eighty per cent is the same as four-fifths, and being covered by glaciers means lying under ice.
Tips: The second paragraph also talks about ice. Look for a percentage of the park.
Why the other options are wrong:
- B: Notice that paragraph B describes icefields up to a kilometre deep and glaciers that are shrinking. But it gives no share of the whole park.
- C: The people of the region and their rights fill paragraph C. Ice is not part of it.
- D: Paragraph D covers what visitors do and see. It does not measure how much of the park is frozen.
- E: The figure of about 80 per cent under glaciers and icefields is stated in Paragraph A.
Correct Answer: E
Passage Reference: With three neighbouring parks in Alaska and British Columbia, it forms the largest internationally protected area in the world.
Why this is correct: The park's size, its ice and its wildlife are described in paragraph A. It says the park is part of the largest internationally protected area in the world. That is a claim about protected land, not about visitor numbers, and no other Yukon park is compared.
Tips: A superlative about size is not a superlative about visitors. Look for a comparison of visitor numbers.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: The first paragraph uses the word largest about the protected area formed with neighbouring parks, not about how many people come.
- B: Notice that paragraph B compares Mount Logan with other mountains in Canada, but visitors are not counted.
- C: Paragraph C deals with the traditional territory and the land claims. It never ranks parks.
- D: Paragraph D says most visitors begin in Haines Junction. But it gives no totals and no comparison with other parks.
Correct Answer: B
Passage Reference: Some of these glaciers surge: a surging glacier can travel 100 times faster than normal, and Lowell Glacier has surged five times since 1948.
Why this is correct: Paragraph B explains that a surging glacier can move 100 times faster than normal. Lowell Glacier has surged five times since 1948. A surge is a sudden forward rush, and five times is several.
Tips: 'Lurched forward' means moved suddenly with great speed. Look for one named glacier and a year in the late 1940s.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: The first paragraph says glaciers and icefields cover most of the park, but it does not describe any glacier moving.
- C: Notice that paragraph C mentions 1943 and the land claims, not a glacier or its movements.
- D: Notice that paragraph D is about trails, the lake and sheep, and it says nothing about glaciers advancing.
- E: Lowell Glacier and its five surges since 1948 are described in Paragraph B.
Correct Answer: C
Passage Reference: In 1943 the area became the Kluane Game Sanctuary, and First Nations lost access to hunting, fishing and trapping on much of their territory.
Why this is correct: Paragraph C says the Kluane Game Sanctuary was created in 1943. Then First Nations lost access to hunting, fishing and trapping on much of their territory. The land claim agreements of 1993 and 2003 later restored that right, so the ban lasted for a period.
Tips: Find when First Nations people were 'barred from taking animals for food'. Check that it covered large parts of their land, and only for a period.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: Look at paragraph A: it lists the park's large mammals, but nobody hunting them is mentioned.
- B: The second paragraph covers mountains and glaciers and has nothing to say about people or rights.
- D: Notice that paragraph D tells visitors to watch Dall sheep and to drive slowly, which is not a rule against hunting.
- E: The loss of hunting, fishing and trapping in 1943 is set out in Paragraph C.
Correct Answer: D
Passage Reference: Parks Canada asks drivers to slow down there, because it is working to reduce collisions between sheep and vehicles on the Alaska Highway.
Why this is correct: Look at paragraph D: Parks Canada asks drivers to slow down near Sheep Mountain. It is trying to reduce collisions between sheep and vehicles. Reducing speed means slowing down, and a collision is a crash.
Tips: Dall sheep show up twice in the passage, so look for the part that speaks to drivers.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: Paragraph A names Dall sheep as the most common large mammal, but it does not mention roads or drivers.
- B: Paragraph B mentions the highway only to place the Kluane Ranges, with no warning about speed.
- C: The third paragraph deals with hunting rights and land claims, not with traffic.
- E: The request to slow down near Sheep Mountain closes Paragraph D, where visitors are told what they will see.
Correct Answer: B
Passage Reference: In the last 50 years, the area covered by ice has shrunk by 20 per cent, and more than 230 small glaciers have disappeared.
Why this is correct: In the last 50 years, paragraph B reports, more than 230 small glaciers have disappeared. Two hundred and thirty is more than two hundred, fifty years is half a century, and disappeared means vanished.
Tips: This statement is about a loss, not about the present. Check how many glaciers vanished, and in how many years.
Why the other options are wrong:
- A: Look at paragraph A: it says how much of the park is under ice today, not how much has been lost.
- C: The dates in paragraph C come from the history of the First Nations. None of them marks a loss of ice.
- D: The fourth paragraph describes a lake, trails and sheep, and no glacier is mentioned.
- E: The loss of more than 230 small glaciers in the last 50 years closes Paragraph B.
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