Meaning: "replacing" means changing one thing to another.

Wrong options:

• replaceing: It adds an extra "e". Write "replacing". Only the exact spelling gets the mark.
• replaced: "replaced" is a close word, but it ends in "ed". The speaker says "replacing", which ends in "ing".

Correct answer: carbon

Explanation: Listen again to "changing local rates of carbon sequestration". It comes before sequestration and names the gas. Spell the word for the gas exactly.

Meaning: "carbon" means the gas carbon dioxide here.

Wrong options:

• carbn: It leaves out the "o". Check the letters: "carbon". A small spelling mistake loses the mark.
• carbonate: "carbonate" has an extra "ate" at the end. The speaker says "carbon".

Correct answer: figure

Explanation: Here you hear "trying to figure out what". The missing word is an action word that means work out. Watch the ending carefully.

Meaning: "figure" means to work out or decide here.

Wrong options:

• figuer: Two letters are in the wrong order. Write "figure". Only the exact spelling gets the mark.

Correct answer: pretty

Explanation: The speaker says "having a pretty good way with". The missing word is a describing word before good. It is short and often used in speech.

Meaning: "pretty" means quite or fairly here.

Wrong options:

• prety: It leaves out the "t". Write "pretty". Only the exact spelling gets the mark.

Correct answer: adapted

Explanation: You hear "aren't adapted to these sort". The sentence needs a describing word that ends in ed. It shows how the species cope.

Meaning: "adapted" means changed to fit new conditions.

Wrong options:

• adpated: Two letters are in the wrong order. Write "adapted". Only the exact spelling gets the mark.
• adapt: "adapt" is missing the ending. The speaker says "adapted", with "ed" at the end.