1776, iron had replaced the wood in the rails and wheels on the carts. Wagonways evolved into Tramways and spread throughout Europe. Horses still provided all the pulling power. In 1789, Englishman, William Jessup designed the first wagons with flanged wheels. The was a groove that allowed the wheels to better grip the rail; this was an important design that carried over to later locomotives.
Result:
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Correct answer: early
Explanation: The word 'early' fits grammatically as it indicates a time reference, suggesting that Wagonways were in use at an earlier point in time, specifically as early as 1550. This aligns with the context of the sentence, which discusses the historical usage of these roads.
Meaning: 'Early' refers to a time that is near the beginning of a period, indicating that Wagonways were used at the start of the 16th century.
Wrong options:
- late: The word 'late' implies a time closer to the end of a period, which contradicts the historical context of usage in 1550.
- fast: 'Fast' describes speed rather than time, making it irrelevant in this context where a temporal reference is needed.
- suited: 'Suited' suggests appropriateness or compatibility, which does not convey a time reference and thus does not fit the sentence.
Correct answer: primitive
Explanation: The term 'primitive' accurately describes the early and basic nature of the railed roads, fitting both grammatically and contextually as it conveys that these roads were in a rudimentary state compared to modern standards.
Meaning: 'Primitive' means basic or undeveloped, indicating that the railed roads were simple and not advanced.
Wrong options:
- produced: 'Produced' refers to the act of making something, which does not describe the nature of the roads themselves.
- plain: 'Plain' suggests something that is simple or unadorned, but does not capture the historical context of being early and basic as 'primitive' does.
- perfect: 'Perfect' implies something that is flawless, which is contradictory to the idea of early technology that was still developing.
Correct answer: By
Explanation: The preposition 'By' indicates a point in time before or at which something occurs, making it suitable for the context of the sentence that discusses the transition to iron rails by 1776.
Meaning: 'By' means no later than a specified time, indicating that the change to iron rails happened at or before 1776.
Wrong options:
- Instead: 'Instead' suggests a replacement or alternative, which does not fit the temporal context of the sentence.
- In: The preposition 'In' would imply a specific time frame rather than indicating a deadline or point of change, which is not appropriate here.
- Before: 'Before' suggests a time prior to 1776 but lacks the clarity of 'By' in indicating the transition that had occurred by that year.
Correct answer: flange
Explanation: The word 'flange' is the correct term that describes the groove on the wheels, fitting grammatically and contextually as it directly relates to the design feature being discussed.
Meaning: 'Flange' refers to a projecting flat rim or edge, specifically the part of the wheel that helps it grip the rail better.
Wrong options:
- flare: 'Flare' refers to a gradual widening or spreading, which does not relate to the context of wheel design.
- range: 'Range' refers to a variety or extent, which is unrelated to the specific design feature of the wheels.
- flock: 'Flock' typically refers to a group of animals or a collection of items, which does not fit the context of rail design.
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