Academic research examines occupations, industries and organisational hierarchy to gain a deeper understanding of the working realities by women in the labour market. Labour market policies tend to be based on economists’ workplace models that involve an outdated assumption that only men have lifelong careers.
This notion does not tally with today’s reality in which women state their intention to work the age of sixty. Thus this seismic shift in behaviour should be factored into policy-making decisions and reflected in workplace practices.
Result:
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Correct answer: gathering
Explanation: The word 'gathering' fits grammatically as it indicates the action of collecting or accumulating research, which aligns with the context of scholars pooling resources. It also matches the present continuous tense implied by 'has been,' suggesting ongoing action.
Meaning: 'Gathering' means to collect or accumulate something, in this case, research on gender equality.
Wrong options:
- producing: Producing implies creating or generating something, which does not fit the context of accumulating existing research.
- increasing: Increasing suggests a rise in quantity or degree, but does not convey the action of collecting research, making it contextually inappropriate.
- achieving: Achieving indicates reaching a goal or result, which does not align with the process of collecting research.
Correct answer: despite
Explanation: The word 'despite' is used to introduce a contrast, indicating that researchers aim to address inequality even in the face of challenges. This fits grammatically and contextually with the sentence structure.
Meaning: 'Despite' means in spite of or regardless of, highlighting the researchers' determination to tackle inequality despite existing obstacles.
Wrong options:
- however: However is a transitional word that indicates a contrast but does not fit grammatically as it would require a preceding clause to connect to.
- although: Although introduces a dependent clause and does not fit the structure of the sentence, which requires a preposition to indicate contrast.
- nevertheless: Nevertheless also indicates contrast but is more formal and does not fit the grammatical structure as smoothly as 'despite'.
Correct answer: faced
Explanation: The word 'faced' is the past participle form that fits grammatically with 'are' implied in the context, indicating the challenges that women encounter in the labour market. It aligns with the overall theme of examining realities.
Meaning: 'Faced' means to confront or deal with something, in this case, the challenges women experience in the workplace.
Wrong options:
- forced: Forced implies being compelled to do something, which does not accurately describe the challenges women encounter.
- resisted: Resisted suggests opposition, which does not fit the context of women experiencing challenges in the labour market.
- addressed: Addressed implies dealing with or discussing issues, which does not fit the context of describing the challenges faced.
Correct answer: beyond
Explanation: The word 'beyond' fits grammatically and contextually, indicating that women intend to work past the age of sixty. It conveys the idea of extending into the future, aligning with the sentence's meaning.
Meaning: 'Beyond' means at a point further away in time or space, indicating that women plan to continue working after the age of sixty.
Wrong options:
- towards: Towards suggests direction but does not convey the idea of extending into the future as 'beyond' does.
- through: Through implies a process or duration but does not fit the context of working past a specific age.
- upon: Upon indicates a point in time but does not convey the ongoing nature of working beyond a certain age.
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