The of imperial control - violence and economic warfare, hardly a distant memory in Latin America-are losing their effectiveness, a sign of the shift toward independence. Washington is now compelled to tolerate governments that in the past would have drawn intervention or reprisal.
Throughout the region a vibrant of popular movements provide the basis for a meaningful democracy. The indigenous populations, as if in a rediscovery of their pre-Columbian legacy, are much more active and influential, particularly in Bolivia and Ecuador. These developments are in part the result of a phenomenon that has been observed for some years in Latin America: As the elected governments become more formally democratic, citizens an increasing disillusionment with democratic institutions. They have sought to construct democratic systems based on popular participation rather than elite and foreign .
Result:
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Correct answer: domination
Explanation: The term 'domination' fits grammatically as a noun that describes the control exerted by external forces, aligning contextually with the legacy being overthrown. It conveys the idea of overpowering influence, which is central to the sentence's theme of resistance against past external control.
Meaning: 'Domination' refers to the exercise of control or influence over others, particularly in a political or social context.
Wrong options:
- control: While 'control' is a noun that implies power, it lacks the connotation of oppressive influence that 'domination' carries, making it less suitable in this context.
- affect: 'Affect' is a verb meaning to have an impact on something, which does not fit grammatically as a noun in this sentence.
- discrimination: 'Discrimination' refers to unjust treatment based on characteristics, which does not align with the idea of external influence being overthrown.
Correct answer: mechanisms
Explanation: The word 'mechanisms' is the correct plural noun that refers to the processes or systems through which imperial control operates. It fits grammatically and contextually, as it describes the means by which control is exerted, aligning with the sentence's focus on the methods of imperialism.
Meaning: 'Mechanisms' means the structures or processes that enable something to function, particularly in a systematic way.
Wrong options:
- mechanical: 'Mechanical' is an adjective that describes something related to machinery, which does not fit as a noun in this context.
- mechanist: 'Mechanist' refers to a person who believes in a mechanical view of the universe, which is not relevant here as it does not denote a system or process.
- mechatronics: 'Mechatronics' is a field of engineering that combines mechanics and electronics, which is unrelated to the context of imperial control.
Correct answer: array
Explanation: The term 'array' is a noun that signifies a wide range or variety of something, fitting grammatically and contextually as it describes the diverse popular movements in the region. It conveys the idea of a collective presence, which is essential to the sentence's meaning about democracy.
Meaning: 'Array' means a large group or collection of things, often arranged in a particular way, indicating diversity and organization.
Wrong options:
- group: While 'group' is a noun that indicates a collection, it lacks the nuance of variety and organization that 'array' conveys in this context.
- order: 'Order' implies a structured arrangement but does not capture the diversity of movements being discussed.
- definition: 'Definition' refers to the meaning of a term, which does not fit the context of describing a collection of movements.
Correct answer: expressed
Explanation: The verb 'expressed' fits grammatically as the past tense of 'express,' indicating that citizens have communicated their feelings. Contextually, it aligns with the idea of articulating disillusionment, making it the most suitable choice for the sentence.
Meaning: 'Expressed' means to convey or communicate thoughts or feelings, particularly in a clear manner.
Wrong options:
- expected: 'Expected' implies anticipation, which does not fit the context of communicating feelings of disillusionment.
- excluded: 'Excluded' suggests being left out, which does not convey the act of communicating dissatisfaction.
- extracted: 'Extracted' means to remove or take out, which does not relate to the act of expressing feelings.
Correct answer: domination
Explanation: The term 'domination' is the correct noun that describes the control exerted by elites and foreign entities. It fits grammatically and contextually, reinforcing the theme of resistance against oppressive influences in democratic systems.
Meaning: 'Domination' refers to the exercise of power or control over others, particularly in a political or social context.
Wrong options:
- invasion: 'Invasion' implies a forceful entry into a territory, which does not accurately describe the ongoing influence of elites and foreign powers in this context.
- interruption: 'Interruption' refers to a break in continuity, which does not align with the idea of sustained control or influence.
- competition: 'Competition' suggests a rivalry, which does not capture the oppressive nature of the control being discussed.
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