Meaning: 'Sprucing up' means to make something look cleaner, neater, or more attractive, particularly in a way that enhances its appearance.

Wrong options:

• turning down: 'Turning down' means to reject or refuse something, which does not fit the context of improving the park.
• laying off: 'Laying off' refers to terminating employment, which is unrelated to the context of beautifying a park.
• picking out: 'Picking out' means to select or choose something, which does not convey the action of enhancing or beautifying.

Correct answer: chip in

Explanation: The phrase 'chip in' is appropriate as it means to contribute or help out, which is contextually relevant to the call for volunteers to assist in planting and cleaning efforts.

Meaning: 'Chip in' means to contribute or participate, especially in a collective effort or activity.

Wrong options:

• back out: 'Back out' means to withdraw from a commitment, which contradicts the intention of volunteering.
• look up: 'Look up' typically means to search for information, which does not relate to the action of contributing to the initiative.
• turn over: 'Turn over' can mean to change or transfer something, which does not fit the context of volunteering.

Correct answer: holding

Explanation: The word 'holding' is grammatically correct as it indicates the action of conducting or organizing workshops, which aligns with the context of the community initiative.

Meaning: 'Holding' means to conduct or organize an event or activity, in this case, workshops on sustainable living practices.

Wrong options:

• passing: 'Passing' generally means to move something from one person to another, which does not fit the context of organizing workshops.
• leading: 'Leading' implies guiding or directing, which could fit but does not specifically indicate the act of organizing as clearly as 'holding.'
• falling: 'Falling' means to drop or descend, which is unrelated to the context of conducting workshops.

Correct answer: making

Explanation: The word 'making' fits grammatically and contextually as it indicates the action of creating or ensuring success for the efforts mentioned, aligning with the overall goal of the initiative.

Meaning: 'Making' means to cause something to happen or to create, in this case, ensuring the success of the environmental efforts.

Wrong options:

• giving: 'Giving' implies providing something, which does not directly relate to the success of the initiative as clearly as 'making.'
• setting: 'Setting' can mean establishing something, but it does not convey the active involvement in ensuring success as effectively as 'making.'
• taking: 'Taking' suggests receiving or obtaining, which does not fit the context of contributing to the success of the initiative.