Meaning: 'Assume' means to take something for granted or to believe something is true without having proof.

Wrong options:

• consider: 'Consider' implies careful thought or deliberation, which does not fit the context of a mistaken belief.
• discover: 'Discover' suggests finding out something new, which does not align with the idea of a common misconception about Dickens' birthplace.
• realise: 'Realise' means to become aware of something, which does not convey the same sense of mistaken belief as 'assume'.

Correct answer: incorporated

Explanation: The term 'incorporated' is appropriate as it means to include or integrate something into a larger whole, which fits the context of Dickens including elements of London in his works. It aligns with the grammatical structure and conveys the intended meaning effectively.

Meaning: 'Incorporated' means to include something as part of a whole, especially in a formal or organized way.

Wrong options:

• absorbed: 'Absorbed' implies taking in information or experiences, which does not convey the same sense of formal inclusion as 'incorporated'.
• merged: 'Merged' suggests a blending of two entities, which does not accurately reflect the act of including elements in writing.
• integrated: 'Integrated' is similar but implies a more complex combination, which may not fit the straightforward inclusion intended in this context.

Correct answer: pass by

Explanation: The phrase 'pass by' is grammatically correct and contextually appropriate, indicating the action of beggars being seen as people move through the streets. It fits the narrative of Dickens observing the scene around him.

Meaning: 'Pass by' means to go past someone or something, often without stopping, which describes how Dickens observed the beggars.

Wrong options:

• go over: 'Go over' typically means to review or examine something, which does not fit the context of observing beggars.
• get by: 'Get by' implies managing to survive or cope, which does not relate to the act of observing in this context.
• run over: 'Run over' suggests a physical action of hitting something with a vehicle, which is not relevant to the observation of beggars.

Correct answer: contrast

Explanation: The word 'contrast' fits well as it indicates a difference between two things, which aligns with the description of cramped streets versus vast open spaces. It maintains grammatical correctness and logical coherence in the sentence.

Meaning: 'Contrast' refers to the state of being strikingly different from something else, which is exactly what Dickens observed in the city.

Wrong options:

• oppostion: 'Opposition' refers to resistance or dissent, which does not convey the idea of difference as effectively as 'contrast'.
• comparison: 'Comparison' implies examining similarities or differences, but does not capture the stark difference intended in the context.
• relation: 'Relation' suggests a connection or association, which does not fit the intended meaning of highlighting differences.

Correct answer: detained

Explanation: The word 'detained' is appropriate as it means to be held back or kept in custody, which fits the context of Dickens' father being imprisoned. It aligns with the tense and subject matter of the sentence.

Meaning: 'Detained' means to be kept in custody or held back, particularly by legal authority, which accurately describes the situation of Dickens' father.

Wrong options:

• retained: 'Retained' implies keeping possession of something, which does not fit the context of imprisonment.
• maintaned: 'Maintaned' is a misspelling of 'maintained', which means to keep something in a certain state, not applicable here.
• sustained: 'Sustained' means to support or uphold, which does not relate to the context of being imprisoned.

Correct answer: choice

Explanation: The word 'choice' fits grammatically and contextually, indicating that Dickens had no options available to him due to his father's situation. It aligns with the overall narrative of his forced circumstances.

Meaning: 'Choice' refers to the act of selecting or making a decision, which in this context means Dickens had no options available to him.

Wrong options:

• chance: 'Chance' implies an opportunity or possibility, which does not convey the same sense of lack of options as 'choice'.
• idea: 'Idea' refers to a thought or concept, which does not fit the context of having options or decisions.
• time: 'Time' refers to the ongoing progression of existence, which does not relate to the concept of having options.