Meaning: 'Because' means 'for the reason that' and is used to provide an explanation or justification for something.

Wrong options:

• so: 'So' indicates a consequence rather than a reason, making it unsuitable for this context.
• but: 'But' introduces a contrast, which does not align with the explanatory nature of the sentence.
• while: 'While' suggests simultaneity or contrast, which does not fit the causal relationship needed here.

Correct answer: Most of

Explanation: 'Most of' correctly quantifies the subject 'the Scandinavians,' indicating that a majority were peaceful farmers, fitting both grammatically and contextually.

Meaning: 'Most of' refers to the greater part of a group, indicating that the majority of Scandinavians were peaceful farmers.

Wrong options:

• The all: 'The all' is not a standard phrase in English and does not grammatically fit as a quantifier here.
• The some: 'The some' is incorrect as it implies a specific subset, which does not convey the intended meaning of the majority.
• Whole: 'Whole' suggests entirety but does not fit grammatically with 'the Scandinavians' as it lacks the necessary quantifying structure.

Correct answer: even

Explanation: The word 'even' emphasizes the extent of the Vikings' travels, suggesting they went to surprising places, fitting well in the context of their adventurous nature.

Meaning: 'Even' is used to indicate something surprising or unexpected, enhancing the statement about their travels to southern regions.

Wrong options:

• too: 'Too' implies excessiveness, which does not fit the context of their travels as it lacks the intended emphasis.
• after: 'After' indicates a sequence rather than an extent, making it unsuitable for this context.
• thus: 'Thus' implies a conclusion or result, which does not align with the intended meaning of emphasizing their travels.

Correct answer: settled

Explanation: The word 'settled' indicates that the Vikings established themselves in the lands they visited, fitting grammatically and contextually as it describes their actions.

Meaning: 'Settled' means to establish a residence or community in a new place, which accurately describes what the Vikings did in the lands they raided.

Wrong options:

• landed: 'Landed' refers to arriving on land but does not imply establishing a community, making it less suitable here.
• united: 'United' suggests coming together but does not convey the idea of establishing a home or community in a new land.
• colonized: 'Colonized' implies a more formal establishment of control over a territory, which is not the intended meaning in this context.

Correct answer: after

Explanation: The word 'after' indicates that the name of Russia was derived from the Viking group, fitting grammatically and contextually as it shows the relationship between the two.

Meaning: 'After' means following in time or order, indicating that Russia was named in relation to the Rus Vikings.

Wrong options:

• for: 'For' suggests purpose or reason, which does not fit the context of naming.
• as: 'As' implies a role or function, which does not convey the relationship of naming in this context.
• with: 'With' indicates accompaniment, which does not align with the intended meaning of naming derived from the Vikings.