Meaning: 'Treasure' refers to something of great value, often associated with riches or precious items, indicating the wealth of species found in tropical jungles.

Wrong options:

• prize: 'Prize' typically refers to something won in a competition, which does not fit the context of describing a natural collection of species.
• fortune: 'Fortune' usually refers to wealth or luck, but it does not convey the idea of a collection or trove of species as effectively as 'treasure.'
• trophy: 'Trophy' implies a physical object awarded for achievement, which is not suitable in this context where we are discussing biodiversity.

Correct answer: Conversely

Explanation: 'Conversely' is used to indicate a contrast between two ideas, which fits perfectly as it introduces the idea that cold areas differ significantly from tropical jungles in terms of biodiversity.

Meaning: 'Conversely' means 'in an opposite way,' highlighting the contrast between the rich life in tropical jungles and the sparse life in cold areas.

Wrong options:

• Subsequently: 'Subsequently' indicates a sequence of events, which does not convey the contrasting relationship needed in this context.
• Simultaneously: 'Simultaneously' suggests that two things happen at the same time, which does not apply to the contrasting conditions of the environments discussed.
• Eventually: 'Eventually' implies a future outcome, which does not fit the immediate contrast being drawn between the two types of environments.

Correct answer: add

Explanation: The verb 'add' fits grammatically and contextually as it describes the cumulative effect of daily weather patterns contributing to the overall climate, aligning with the sentence structure.

Meaning: 'Add' means to combine or contribute to something, indicating how daily weather influences the long-term climate.

Wrong options:

• make: 'Make' is too vague in this context and does not specifically convey the idea of contributing to the climate as 'add' does.
• join: 'Join' implies coming together but lacks the sense of contribution to a cumulative effect that 'add' provides.
• load: 'Load' suggests a burden or weight, which does not fit the context of weather patterns contributing positively to climate.

Correct answer: due to

Explanation: 'Due to' is a prepositional phrase that indicates causation, fitting well in the context of explaining why the motion of air occurs, aligning with the grammatical structure of the sentence.

Meaning: 'Due to' means 'because of,' indicating the reason for the air movement described in the sentence.

Wrong options:

• along with: 'Along with' suggests addition rather than causation, which does not fit the context of explaining the reason for air movement.
• apart from: 'Apart from' indicates separation or exclusion, which does not convey the causal relationship needed in this context.
• given that: 'Given that' introduces a condition rather than a direct cause, making it less suitable for the explanation of air movement.

Correct answer: lag

Explanation: 'Lag' is a verb that means to fall behind, which fits grammatically and contextually as it describes the behavior of air relative to the speed of the Earth.

Meaning: 'Lag' means to move slowly or to fall behind in progress, indicating how air does not keep pace with the Earth's rotation.

Wrong options:

• stray: 'Stray' implies wandering off course, which does not accurately describe the relationship between air movement and the Earth's speed.
• delay: 'Delay' suggests a pause or hold-up, which does not fit the continuous nature of air movement in relation to the Earth's rotation.
• linger: 'Linger' implies staying in one place longer than necessary, which does not convey the idea of falling behind as effectively as 'lag.'

Correct answer: source

Explanation: 'Source' is a noun that indicates the origin or starting point of something, fitting well in the context of describing the sun as a primary cause of turbulence in air movement.

Meaning: 'Source' refers to the origin or cause of something, indicating that the sun is the main factor influencing air turbulence.

Wrong options:

• rout: 'Rout' refers to a disorderly retreat or defeat, which does not fit the context of discussing air movement.
• spring: 'Spring' can refer to a season or a sudden movement, but it does not convey the idea of a cause or origin as effectively as 'source.'
• font: 'Font' typically refers to a typeface or a source of information, which does not align with the context of air movement and turbulence.