Meaning: 'Thanks to' means 'due to' or 'because of,' highlighting that Anna Jarvis's efforts were the reason for the celebration's origins.

Wrong options:

• while: 'While' suggests a contrast or simultaneous occurrence, which does not fit the context of attributing the origins of Mother's Day.
• since: 'Since' indicates a time reference, which does not appropriately convey the causal relationship needed in this context.
• as a result: 'As a result' implies a consequence rather than a direct attribution of cause, making it less suitable for this sentence.

Correct answer: made

Explanation: The verb 'made' correctly indicates the actions that mothers have taken for their children, fitting the past tense and context of the sentence. It aligns with the grammatical structure and conveys the intended meaning.

Meaning: 'Made' refers to the actions or sacrifices that mothers have performed, emphasizing their contributions to their children's lives.

Wrong options:

• took: 'Took' does not convey the same sense of contribution or sacrifice as 'made' and is less appropriate in this context.
• picked: 'Picked' implies a selection process, which does not relate to the sacrifices mothers make for their children.
• set: 'Set' suggests establishing something, which does not accurately reflect the sacrifices being discussed.

Correct answer: campaigned

Explanation: The verb 'campaigned' indicates a concerted effort to promote or advocate for something, which fits the context of Anna Jarvis's actions to establish Mother's Day. It aligns with the past tense and the overall narrative.

Meaning: 'Campaigned' means to actively work towards a goal or cause, in this case, advocating for a national Mother's Day.

Wrong options:

• envisioned: 'Envisioned' suggests imagining or planning, which does not convey the active effort that 'campaigned' does.
• acknowledged: 'Acknowledged' implies recognition rather than active promotion, making it less suitable for the context.
• voiced: 'Voiced' indicates expressing an opinion but lacks the connotation of organized effort that 'campaigned' provides.

Correct answer: declared

Explanation: The verb 'declared' fits perfectly as it indicates an official announcement or proclamation, which is appropriate for the context of President Wilson's action regarding Mother's Day. It aligns with the formal tone of the sentence.

Meaning: 'Declared' means to announce something officially, in this case, the establishment of Mother's Day.

Wrong options:

• evolved: 'Evolved' suggests gradual development, which does not fit the context of an official announcement.
• propagated: 'Propagated' implies spreading or promoting an idea, which does not accurately describe the act of officially establishing a holiday.
• devised: 'Devised' means to create or plan something, which does not align with the context of making an official declaration.

Correct answer: vehemently

Explanation: The adverb 'vehemently' indicates a strong, passionate opposition, which fits the context of Anna Jarvis's feelings towards the commercialization of Mother's Day. It aligns with the tone of her opposition.

Meaning: 'Vehemently' means in a forceful or passionate manner, highlighting the intensity of her opposition.

Wrong options:

• respectively: 'Respectively' is used to indicate a relationship between items in a list, which does not fit the context of expressing opposition.
• accurately: 'Accurately' refers to correctness, which does not convey the emotional intensity of her opposition.
• concurrently: 'Concurrently' means happening at the same time, which does not relate to the nature of her opposition.