Meaning: 'Notorious' means famous or well-known, typically for some bad quality or deed, in this case, the mosquito's role in spreading malaria.

Wrong options:

• jubilant: 'Jubilant' means feeling or expressing great happiness, which is contrary to the negative context of the sentence.
• harmonious: 'Harmonious' refers to being in agreement or concord, which does not apply to the context of a dangerous mosquito.
• trivial: 'Trivial' means of little value or importance, which contradicts the serious nature of the mosquito's impact.

Correct answer: predominantly

Explanation: The word 'predominantly' is appropriate as it indicates that malaria cases are mainly found in sub-Saharan Africa, fitting the context of the sentence. It aligns with the grammatical structure, suggesting a majority presence.

Meaning: 'Predominantly' means mainly or for the most part, indicating that malaria is primarily an issue in this region.

Wrong options:

• uniformly: 'Uniformly' suggests something is the same in all cases, which does not accurately reflect the varying prevalence of malaria in different areas.
• occasionally: 'Occasionally' implies infrequency, which contradicts the idea that malaria is a major health issue in sub-Saharan Africa.
• intentionally: 'Intentionally' means done on purpose, which does not fit the context of discussing the prevalence of a disease.

Correct answer: responsible

Explanation: The word 'responsible' fits grammatically and contextually as it indicates that mosquitoes are the cause of spreading other diseases. It aligns with the sentence structure and conveys a clear meaning of causation.

Meaning: 'Responsible' means being the primary cause of something, in this case, the spread of various diseases by mosquitoes.

Wrong options:

• strict: 'Strict' refers to enforcing rules or being severe, which does not relate to the context of disease transmission.
• scared: 'Scared' means frightened, which is irrelevant to the discussion of mosquitoes spreading diseases.
• likely: 'Likely' suggests a probability, which does not convey the definitive role of mosquitoes in disease transmission.

Correct answer: name

Explanation: The word 'name' fits grammatically as it serves as a verb that indicates the act of identifying or listing diseases. It aligns with the context of the sentence, which is about naming examples of diseases spread by mosquitoes.

Meaning: 'Name' means to identify or specify something, in this case, the diseases that mosquitoes spread.

Wrong options:

• know: 'Know' implies awareness or familiarity, which does not fit the context of listing or identifying diseases.
• call: 'Call' can mean to name but is less formal and does not fit the structure of the sentence as well as 'name'.
• form: 'Form' means to create or establish, which does not relate to the act of identifying diseases.

Correct answer: carried

Explanation: The word 'carried' fits grammatically as it is the past participle form used in a passive construction, indicating that the diseases are transmitted by mosquitoes. It aligns with the context of the sentence regarding the impact of mosquitoes on various species.

Meaning: 'Carried' means to be transported or transmitted, in this case, referring to diseases being spread by mosquitoes.

Wrong options:

• carrying: 'Carrying' is the present participle form, which does not fit the passive construction required in this context.
• which is carried: This phrase is unnecessarily complex and does not fit the grammatical structure of the sentence as effectively as 'carried'.
• that been carried: This option is grammatically incorrect as 'been' is not used properly in this context.