These bogs, which are most evident in northern Europe, but which are also found in some central and southern parts of the continent, have the plants and trees which flourished after the end of the Ice Age. The great peat bogs of Ireland reveal that there was a time when vast woods of oak and yew covered the country, the oak growing on hills that were up to a height of four hundred feet or so above the sea, while the yew grew at higher . Ancient roadways made of oak have been found, as have, more famously, human relics.
Result:
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Correct answer: covered
Explanation: The word 'covered' fits grammatically as it describes the state of Europe in prehistoric times, indicating that it was entirely enveloped by woods and forests. This aligns with the context of the sentence, which discusses the influence of these woods on ancestors' lives.
Meaning: 'Covered' means to be completely overlaid or concealed by something, in this case, referring to the vast woods and forests in Europe.
Wrong options:
- smothered: 'Smothered' implies suffocation or overwhelming, which does not fit the neutral description of the woods in this context.
- overgrown: 'Overgrown' suggests excessive growth, which does not accurately describe the state of the woods as a primary characteristic.
- flourishing: 'Flourishing' indicates thriving or prospering, which does not convey the idea of being enveloped by woods.
Correct answer: useful
Explanation: The term 'useful' is appropriate as it describes the oak tree's practical benefits to ancient peoples, fitting well within the context of the sentence that discusses the significance of the oak tree.
Meaning: 'Useful' means having practical utility or value, indicating that the oak tree served important purposes for the people.
Wrong options:
- productive: 'Productive' implies yielding a lot of output, which does not specifically relate to the utility of the oak tree in this context.
- practical: 'Practical' suggests being suitable for actual use, but does not convey the same sense of value as 'useful' does in this context.
- varied: 'Varied' indicates diversity, which does not relate to the specific benefits of the oak tree.
Correct answer: remains
Explanation: The word 'remains' is suitable as it refers to what is left over from ancient villages, fitting grammatically and contextually as it indicates physical evidence of past human activity.
Meaning: 'Remains' refers to what is left after something has been removed or destroyed, in this case, the remnants of ancient villages.
Wrong options:
- rest: 'Rest' implies a remaining part but lacks the specificity of physical artifacts or evidence, making it less fitting here.
- leftovers: 'Leftovers' typically refers to food, which does not apply to ancient villages and is too informal for this context.
- lack: 'Lack' indicates absence, which contradicts the idea of having evidence from ancient villages.
Correct answer: preserved
Explanation: The term 'preserved' accurately describes how the bogs have kept the plants and trees intact over time, fitting both grammatically and contextually within the sentence.
Meaning: 'Preserved' means to maintain something in its original state, indicating that the plants and trees have been kept safe from decay.
Wrong options:
- kept: 'Kept' is too vague and does not convey the same sense of protection and maintenance as 'preserved' does in this context.
- maintained: 'Maintained' suggests ongoing care, which does not capture the idea of natural preservation in peat bogs.
- conserved: 'Conserved' implies active efforts to protect, which does not align with the natural process described.
Correct answer: levels
Explanation: The word 'levels' is appropriate as it refers to different heights or altitudes where yew trees grow, fitting grammatically and contextually within the sentence.
Meaning: 'Levels' refers to specific heights or stages, indicating where the yew trees are found in relation to the oak trees.
Wrong options:
- piles: 'Piles' suggests a heap or stack, which does not accurately describe the concept of height in this context.
- degrees: 'Degrees' typically refers to a unit of measurement, which is not suitable for describing heights of trees.
- points: 'Points' implies specific locations or moments, which does not convey the idea of height effectively.
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