Meaning: 'Cumulative' refers to something that increases or builds up over time, especially in terms of skills or knowledge.

Wrong options:

• contrast: 'Contrast' is a noun that refers to the difference between two things, which does not fit as a description of a process.
• raise: 'Raise' is a verb that means to lift or elevate, which does not describe a process of development.
• addition: 'Addition' is a noun that refers to the act of adding something, which does not convey the gradual improvement implied in the context.
• specific: 'Specific' is an adjective that denotes particularity, but it does not describe the nature of the development process here.
• changing: 'Changing' is a gerund that implies a process of alteration, but it does not capture the essence of building upon existing skills as 'cumulative' does.
• demonstrate: 'Demonstrate' is a verb meaning to show or prove, which does not fit as a descriptor for the type of development process.

Correct answer: contrast

Explanation: The term 'contrast' serves as a noun that indicates a comparison between two differing views of development, fitting grammatically and contextually as it introduces the opposing perspective.

Meaning: 'Contrast' refers to the state of being strikingly different from something else, in this case, the differing views on development.

Wrong options:

• cumulative: 'Cumulative' is an adjective that describes a process of building upon skills, which does not fit as a noun to introduce a contrasting viewpoint.
• raise: 'Raise' is a verb that does not fit grammatically or contextually as it does not relate to the concept of differing views.
• addition: 'Addition' is a noun that refers to the act of adding, which does not appropriately introduce a contrasting idea.
• specific: 'Specific' is an adjective that does not serve as a noun and does not fit in the context of contrasting views.
• changing: 'Changing' is a gerund that does not fit as a noun to indicate a difference in perspectives.
• demonstrate: 'Demonstrate' is a verb that does not fit grammatically or contextually as it does not relate to contrasting views.

Correct answer: specific

Explanation: The word 'specific' is an adjective that describes the particular times or ages at which development occurs, fitting grammatically and contextually within the sentence structure.

Meaning: 'Specific' refers to something clearly defined or identified, in this case, particular times of development.

Wrong options:

• contrast: 'Contrast' is a noun that does not fit as it does not describe a time or age, but rather a difference between views.
• raise: 'Raise' is a verb that does not relate to the concept of time or age and does not fit grammatically.
• cumulative: 'Cumulative' is an adjective that describes a process, not a specific time or age, making it unsuitable here.
• changing: 'Changing' is a gerund that implies alteration, which does not fit the context of defining specific times.
• demonstrate: 'Demonstrate' is a verb that means to show or prove, which does not relate to the concept of time or age.
• addition: 'Addition' is a noun that refers to the act of adding, which does not fit in the context of specific times.

Correct answer: demonstrate

Explanation: The word 'demonstrate' is a verb that fits grammatically and contextually as it describes the action of showing awareness of object permanence, aligning with the developmental change discussed.

Meaning: 'Demonstrate' means to show or prove something through action or evidence, in this case, awareness of object permanence.

Wrong options:

• cumulative: 'Cumulative' is an adjective that does not fit as it does not describe an action but rather a type of process.
• raise: 'Raise' is a verb that means to lift or elevate, which does not fit the context of showing awareness.
• contrast: 'Contrast' is a noun that does not fit as it does not describe an action related to development.
• specific: 'Specific' is an adjective that does not describe an action and is not appropriate in this context.
• changing: 'Changing' is a gerund that implies alteration but does not fit as an action of demonstrating awareness.
• addition: 'Addition' is a noun that refers to the act of adding, which does not relate to the action of demonstrating awareness.