Meaning: 'Told' means to have communicated information or a message to someone.

Wrong options:

• rid: 'Rid' is a verb that means to remove or free from something unwanted, which does not fit the context of receiving information about languages.
• down: 'Down' is an adverb that does not fit grammatically in this context as it does not convey the action of receiving information.
• said: 'Said' is the past tense of 'say,' which does not fit the passive construction required here.
• over: 'Over' is a preposition or adverb that does not relate to the action of being informed about languages.
• waste: 'Waste' is a noun that refers to something discarded, which does not fit the context of being told something.
• dispose: 'Dispose' is a verb that means to get rid of something, which does not fit the context of receiving information.
• away: 'Away' is an adverb that indicates direction or distance, which does not fit the context of being told.

Correct answer: waste

Explanation: The word 'waste' is a noun that refers to material that is discarded or not useful. It fits contextually as it describes what is considered useless by speakers of certain languages, aligning with the overall theme of the passage.

Meaning: 'Waste' refers to materials or substances that are no longer wanted or useful.

Wrong options:

• told: 'Told' is a verb that does not fit as it does not relate to the concept of something being discarded or useless.
• rid: 'Rid' is a verb that means to remove something unwanted, which does not fit the context of describing what is considered useless.
• down: 'Down' is an adverb that does not relate to the concept of waste or uselessness.
• over: 'Over' is a preposition or adverb that does not connect to the idea of waste in this context.
• dispose: 'Dispose' is a verb that means to get rid of something, which does not fit as a noun in this context.
• away: 'Away' is an adverb that indicates direction or distance, which does not fit the context of waste.

Correct answer: down

Explanation: The word 'down' is an adverb that indicates direction, fitting grammatically and contextually as it describes the action of passing items to the next generation. This aligns with the theme of reusing and handing down items.

Meaning: 'Down' in this context means to pass something to someone of a lower status or younger generation.

Wrong options:

• told: 'Told' is a verb that does not fit as it does not relate to the action of passing items.
• rid: 'Rid' is a verb that means to remove something unwanted, which does not fit the context of passing items.
• said: 'Said' is the past tense of 'say,' which does not fit the context of passing down items.
• over: 'Over' is a preposition or adverb that does not relate to the action of handing down.
• waste: 'Waste' is a noun that refers to discarded material, which does not fit the context of passing items.
• dispose: 'Dispose' is a verb that means to get rid of something, which does not fit the context of passing down.
• away: 'Away' is an adverb that indicates direction or distance, which does not fit the context of handing down.

Correct answer: away

Explanation: The word 'away' is an adverb that indicates removal or distance, fitting grammatically and contextually as it describes the action of discarding items. This aligns with the theme of the passage regarding rubbish and disposal.

Meaning: 'Away' indicates a direction or state of being removed from a place.

Wrong options:

• told: 'Told' is a verb that does not fit as it does not relate to the action of discarding items.
• rid: 'Rid' is a verb that means to remove something unwanted, which does not fit the context of throwing something away.
• down: 'Down' is an adverb that indicates direction but does not relate to the action of discarding items.
• over: 'Over' is a preposition or adverb that does not connect to the idea of throwing something away.
• waste: 'Waste' is a noun that refers to discarded material, which does not fit as an adverb in this context.
• dispose: 'Dispose' is a verb that means to get rid of something, which does not fit the context of throwing away.
• away: 'Away' is the correct answer and cannot be wrong.

Correct answer: dispose

Explanation: The word 'dispose' is a verb that means to get rid of something, fitting grammatically and contextually as it describes the action related to rubbish. This aligns with the passage's focus on the problem of rubbish management.

Meaning: 'Dispose' means to throw away or get rid of something.

Wrong options:

• told: 'Told' is a verb that does not fit as it does not relate to the action of managing rubbish.
• rid: 'Rid' is a verb that means to remove something unwanted, which does not fit the context of managing rubbish.
• down: 'Down' is an adverb that does not relate to the action of disposing of rubbish.
• over: 'Over' is a preposition or adverb that does not connect to the idea of disposing of rubbish.
• waste: 'Waste' is a noun that refers to discarded material, which does not fit as a verb in this context.
• away: 'Away' is an adverb that indicates direction or distance, which does not fit the context of disposing of rubbish.