Loading question...
You are in free guest mode. Timed Practice Revision List Attempt History Progress Tracking Create a free account to unlock these tools
Prev Next
Practice Listening: Highlight Correct Summary ID: #37923 Medium The transformations
Instructions ›
You will hear a recording. Click on the paragraph that best relates to the recording.
What drives what's going on right now in Europe and obviously it could be the economic recession? Or it could be patterns of immigration. We think what's driving it is really long-term change, which is generational, educational. The transformations in our values which have been happening for decades, and this goes right back to Ron Inglehart's earliest work, which he wrote in 1977 on the Silent Revolution. When he said that new values are emerging. Values which are very socially tolerant, both of minorities and of sexual diversity, which are pro environmentalism, which are pro cosmopolitanism, being part of an international community, not being part of your nation, which are very secular versus religious. Those values he called a silent revolution. Everybody has probably read about them in any sociology or cultural stuff. The new aspect is the backlash against those ideas. And why does it come about? And I'll just summarise our core argument. The core argument is simply that when that group, which used to be termed post materialist or can be termed social liberals, when it was a younger generation, when it was a smaller proportion, when they were ten percent, fifteen percent, they challenged the consensus, but they didn't in any way represent a major threat. Once that group, which is generational, through demographic change, became the 40%, became the 50% or the 55%, then the older generation. The generation that grew up in the Inter-war years, the generation that grew up in the baby boom years, they felt their value is under threat.
* Click on the correct answer

Result:

AI explanationShows the answer. Tap to open.
Option 2: "The speaker discusses the long-term generational and educational changes in values, highlighting the transformation from the Silent Revolution to a backlash against social tolerance, environmentalism, and cosmopolitanism as these values become more prevalent in society."

Explanation: This option accurately summarizes the text by emphasizing the long-term generational and educational changes in values. It captures the essence of the speaker's argument regarding the transition from the Silent Revolution to the backlash against the emerging values of social tolerance, environmentalism, and cosmopolitanism. This reflects the main idea of the text, making it the correct answer.

Option 1: "The speaker suggests that the current situation in Europe is driven by economic recession and immigration patterns, with a focus on the interplay between these factors and generational values."

Explanation: This option incorrectly states that the speaker attributes the current situation in Europe primarily to economic recession and immigration patterns. While these factors are mentioned, the main focus of the text is on long-term generational changes in values, particularly the emergence of new values and the subsequent backlash against them. Therefore, this option does not capture the core argument of the text.

Option 3: "The speaker emphasizes the role of Ron Inglehart's work on the Silent Revolution in predicting the rise of secularism and social tolerance, arguing that the backlash against these values is driven by increasing numbers of people identifying as religious."

Explanation: This option misrepresents the speaker's argument by suggesting that the backlash against secularism and social tolerance is driven by an increase in religious identification. The text indicates that the backlash arises as the values of social tolerance and secularism become more prevalent, not as a response to an increase in religious individuals. Thus, this option does not align with the text's main argument.

Option 4: "The speaker primarily focuses on the role of the younger generation in challenging the consensus, asserting that the older generation only feels threatened when this group becomes a significant proportion of the population."

Explanation: While this option touches on the idea of the younger generation challenging the consensus, it oversimplifies the speaker's argument. The text discusses how the older generation feels threatened not just by the younger generation's challenge but by the demographic shift that increases the younger generation's proportion in society. Therefore, this option does not fully capture the complexity of the argument presented in the text.

The rest of this explanation is for members. Sign in free to read why the other options are wrong, key words and tips.

Sign in to read the full explanation

With a free account: Retry and compare every attempt.
Be the first! No community answers here yet. Submit yours and help others learn.
Saving...