Transcript:
It was a full century after the complete settlement of New England and the Virginia colonies that the wonderful big-game fauna of the great plains and Rocky Mountains was really dis- covered; but the bison millions, the antelope millions, the mule deer, the mountain sheep and mountain goat were there, all the time. In the early days, the millions of pinnate grouse and quail of the central states attracted no serious attention from the American people-at-large; but they lived and flourished just the same, until the greedy market gunners systematically slaughtered them, and barreled them up for "the market," while the foolish farmers calmly permitted them to do it.
Result:
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Option 2: "North America once had abundant wildlife, which was later destroyed by human greed and exploitation."
Explanation: This option accurately summarizes the main idea of the text, which describes the abundance of wildlife in North America and how it was systematically destroyed by market gunners and human exploitation. The phrase 'human greed and exploitation' reflects the text's emphasis on the negative impact of human actions on wildlife.
Option 1: "The discovery of wildlife in the Rocky Mountains surprised early settlers."
Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text states that the big-game fauna of the Rocky Mountains was discovered a century after the settlement of New England and Virginia, indicating that settlers were not surprised by the wildlife's existence, as it had been present all along.
Option 3: "Farmers and hunters worked together to develop market trade in wild animals."
Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text does not suggest any collaboration between farmers and hunters. Instead, it highlights that farmers allowed market gunners to slaughter wildlife without intervention, indicating a lack of cooperation.
Option 4: "Wild animals avoided areas settled by civilized man."
Explanation: This option is incorrect as the text states that it was impossible to escape the wild flocks and herds beyond the settled areas, suggesting that wild animals did not avoid these regions but were, in fact, abundant in them.
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