Babies Expecting Fairness

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Practice Listening: Multiple Choice, Multiple Answers ID: #35276 Short Babies Expecting Fairness

Instructions ›

Listen to the recording and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.

Transcript:

If babies as young as a year and a half old see someone else being treated unfairly, they expect the leader—the parent or caregiver—in that situation to step in and do something about it. "Babies evaluate others constantly." Renee Baillargeon is a psychologist at the University of Illinois. She led the research on babies expecting fairness.
"When these transgressions occur, babies evaluate parents and other leaders and say, 'Well, you saw this transgression. You know this is not fair. Are you going to do something about it?' And if you don't, then you are shirking your responsibilities, and it makes you less of a leader, less of a parent."
That's right, babies are judging you. Baillargeon says it seems babies are born with these expectations of what a leader is and how they should behave. The work is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

What can we know from this passage?

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Babies turn to their parents for help when they are upset. Babies can realize they've done something wrong. When something unfair happens, babies judge their parents and other leaders. If parents do nothing about unfairness, babies may think they are escaping from their responsibilities. Babies avoid responsibilities.

Result:

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Option 3: "When something unfair happens, babies judge their parents and other leaders."

Explanation: This option is correct because the text explicitly states that babies evaluate parents and leaders when they witness unfairness, indicating that they form judgments based on these observations.

Option 1: "Babies turn to their parents for help when they are upset."

Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text does not mention babies seeking help from parents when upset. Instead, it focuses on babies evaluating their parents' actions regarding fairness.

Option 2: "Babies can realize they've done something wrong."

Explanation: This option is incorrect as the text does not discuss babies recognizing their own wrongdoings. It emphasizes babies judging the actions of others, particularly their parents, in situations of unfairness.

Option 4: "If parents do nothing about unfairness, babies may think they are escaping from their responsibilities."

Explanation: This option is correct as it aligns with the text's assertion that if parents do not act against unfairness, babies perceive this as shirking responsibilities, which affects their view of the parent's leadership.

Option 5: "Babies avoid responsibilities."

Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text does not suggest that babies themselves avoid responsibilities. Instead, it discusses how babies judge their parents' responsibilities in the context of fairness.

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