First sentence: Why this is the first line? This paragraph is the first sentence because it introduces the main topic about the life cycle of ants. It gives a clear overview of the pupal stage, which is important for understanding the development of ants. This follows the rule of Topic Sentence. Why other lines are not chosen? The other paragraphs are not chosen because they do not stand alone. For example, Paragraph 2 starts with 'In some species,' which is a conjunction. Paragraph 3 uses 'Ants differ,' which is not a general statement. Paragraph 4 starts with 'These ant forms,' which uses a pronoun that refers back to something else.

Concluding sentence: Why this is the last line? This paragraph is the last sentence because it wraps up the main ideas about ants. It shows the importance of the different types of ants in their communities. This follows the rule of Summary Style, as it brings together the earlier points about the life cycle and roles of ants.

Paragraph pairs:

• Pair 1 (Paragraph 1 → Paragraph 2): Paragraph 2 connects with Paragraph 1 because it continues the topic of the pupal stage. It uses the Logical Order rule, as it explains what happens during the pupal stage.
• Pair 2 (Paragraph 2 → Paragraph 3): Paragraph 3 connects with Paragraph 2 because it explains more about ants. It uses the Broader to Specific Strategy, as it gives a general idea about ants and then goes into detail about the types of adults.
• Pair 3 (Paragraph 3 → Paragraph 4): Paragraph 4 connects with Paragraph 3 because it talks about the roles of the different types of ants. It uses the Logical Order rule, as it explains how these types of ants help in social communities.