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Option 3: "change the focus of a field of study"
Explanation: The author emphasizes the need to shift from merely debating the origins of folktales to analyzing their meanings and functions. This indicates a clear intention to change the focus of the study of Afro-American folktales, aligning with the main idea presented in the text.
Option 1: "create a new field of study"
Explanation: The text does not suggest that the author aims to create a new field of study. Instead, the focus is on analyzing existing folktales and their meanings rather than establishing a new academic discipline.
Option 2: "discredit an existing field of study"
Explanation: While the author critiques the focus on the origin of folktales, the intent is not to discredit the field but to shift the emphasis towards understanding their meaning and function. Therefore, this option misrepresents the author's purpose.
Option 4: "transplant scholarly techniques"
Explanation: The text does not mention the transplantation of scholarly techniques from one field to another. Instead, it discusses the importance of understanding the cultural significance of folktales, which does not align with this option.
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