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Option 2: "Innovations usually develop gradually from existing ideas over time."
Explanation: This option accurately reflects the main idea of the text. The passage discusses how innovations are often adaptations of existing concepts that evolve over time, aligning perfectly with the idea of gradual development from prior notions.
Option 1: "Most new technologies are invented suddenly by geniuses."
Explanation: This option contradicts the main idea of the text, which emphasizes that innovations evolve gradually rather than being sudden acts of genius. The text states that innovations often exist in some form before being adapted, which directly opposes the notion of sudden invention.
Option 3: "Technology is always created by government research."
Explanation: This option is incorrect as the text does not mention government research as a source of technology. Instead, it highlights that innovations can come from various existing ideas in the public domain, making this statement too narrow and misleading.
Option 4: "New inventions have no connection with older ideas."
Explanation: This option is incorrect because it directly contradicts the text's assertion that innovations evolve from existing ideas. The passage clearly states that new concepts are adaptations of older notions, making this statement false.
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