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Practice Reading: Multiple Choice, Single Answer ID: #33827 Diamonds
Instructions ›
Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting the correct response. Only one response is correct.
Diamonds, an occasional component of rare igneous rocks called lamproites and kimberlites, have never been dated satisfactorily. However, some diamonds contain minute inclusions of silicate minerals, commonly olivine, pyroxene, and garnet. These minerals can be dated by radioactive decay techniques because of the very small quantities of radioactive trace elements they, in turn, contain. Usually, it is possible to conclude that the inclusions are older than their diamond hosts, but with little indication of the time interval involved. Sometimes, however, the crystal form of the silicate inclusions is observed to resemble more closely the internal structure of diamond than that of other silicate minerals. It is not known how rare this resemblance is, or whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet, whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond; but when present, the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cogenetic.

According to the passage, the age of silicate minerals included in diamonds can be determined due to a feature of the?

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Option 3: "trace elements in the silicate minerals"

Explanation: This option is correct because the text states that the silicate minerals, which include olivine, pyroxene, and garnet, contain radioactive trace elements that can be dated. This is the key feature that allows for the determination of the age of the silicate minerals included in diamonds.

Option 1: "trace elements in the diamond hosts"

Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text specifies that the age of silicate minerals can be determined by the radioactive decay of trace elements contained within the silicate minerals themselves, not the diamond hosts. The diamond hosts do not provide the necessary trace elements for dating.

Option 2: "trace elements in the rock surrounding the diamonds"

Explanation: This option is incorrect as the passage does not mention the surrounding rock's trace elements as a factor in determining the age of the silicate minerals. The focus is specifically on the trace elements found within the silicate minerals themselves.

Option 4: "silicate minerals' crystal structure"

Explanation: This option is incorrect because while the crystal structure of silicate minerals is mentioned in the text, it does not relate to the determination of their age. The age is determined by the radioactive decay of trace elements, not by the crystal structure.

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