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Practice Reading: Multiple Choice, Single Answer ID: #37689 Fermentation
Instructions ›
Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting the correct response. Only one response is correct.
The word "ferment" comes from the Latin word for boiling or rising, which you'll understand if you've ever seen beer brewing or bread dough rising — both signs of fermentation in action. A biologist would probably say fermentation is the anaerobic production of energy, meaning that microorganisms that don't need oxygen to accomplish metabolization to fuel their bodies transform nutrients into energy in the absence of oxygen. This is true for some fermented foods — for instance, sauerkraut and alcohol are both products of the hard work of anaerobic bacteria. However, other foods and beverages that we consider "ferments" are made by aerobic microorganisms that use oxygen to do their business: kombucha, vinegars and miso are a few.

The purpose of the text is to ___.

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Option 3: "Introduce two kinds of microorganisms responsible for fermentation."

Explanation: The text clearly introduces two types of microorganisms involved in fermentation: anaerobic bacteria (responsible for sauerkraut and alcohol) and aerobic microorganisms (responsible for kombucha, vinegars, and miso). This aligns perfectly with the main purpose of the text, which is to inform readers about these microorganisms and their roles.

Option 1: "Explain the origins and meanings of the word “ferment”."

Explanation: While the text does mention the origin of the word 'ferment' and its connection to boiling or rising, this is not the main purpose of the text. The focus is more on the types of fermentation and the microorganisms involved rather than solely explaining the word's origins.

Option 2: "Demonstrate two different types of fermentation."

Explanation: The text does mention two types of fermentation (anaerobic and aerobic), but it does not demonstrate them in detail. Instead, it focuses on the microorganisms responsible for these processes, making this option too narrow and not aligned with the overall purpose.

Option 4: "Encourage people to protect microorganisms."

Explanation: The text does not advocate for the protection of microorganisms. Instead, it focuses on explaining the fermentation process and the types of microorganisms involved. This option misrepresents the text's intent and introduces an idea that is not present.

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