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Practice Reading: Multiple Choice, Single Answer ID: #39011 Sensitivity
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Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting the correct response. Only one response is correct.
Sensitivity to physical laws is thus an important consideration for the maker of applied-art objects. It is often taken for granted that this is also true for the maker of fine-art objects. This assumption misses a significant difference between the two disciplines. Fine-art objects are not constrained by the laws of physics in the same way that applied-art objects are. Because their primary purpose is not functional, they are only limited in terms of the materials used to make them. Sculptures must, for example, be stable, which requires an understanding of the properties of mass, weight distribution, and stress. Paintings must have rigid stretchers so that the canvas will be taut, and the paint must not deteriorate, crack, or discolor. These are problems that must be overcome by the artist because they tend to intrude upon his or her conception of the work. For example, in the early Italian Renaissance, bronze statues of horses with a raised foreleg usually had a cannonball under that hoof. This was done because the cannonball was needed to support the weight of the leg.

Why does the author discuss the “ bronze statues of horses ” created by artists in the early Italian Renaissance?

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Option 1: "To provide an example of a problem related to the laws of physics that a fine artist must overcome"

Explanation: The author discusses the bronze statues of horses to illustrate a specific challenge that fine artists face regarding the laws of physics. The text states that fine-art objects, while not constrained by physical laws in the same way as applied-art objects, still require an understanding of stability and weight distribution. The example of the cannonball under the raised hoof of the horse statue highlights how artists must address physical challenges to achieve their artistic vision.

Option 2: "To argue that fine artists are unconcerned with the laws of physics"

Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text explicitly states that fine artists must overcome problems related to the laws of physics. The author does not argue that fine artists are unconcerned; rather, it emphasizes that they face unique challenges that require an understanding of physical properties.

Option 3: "To contrast the relative sophistication of modern artists in solving problems related to the laws of physics"

Explanation: This option is incorrect as the text does not discuss modern artists or make any comparisons regarding sophistication. The focus is solely on the challenges faced by fine artists in the context of historical examples, specifically the early Italian Renaissance.

Option 4: "To note an exceptional piece of art constructed without the aid of technology"

Explanation: This option is incorrect because the text does not suggest that the bronze statues were created without technology. Instead, it highlights the use of a cannonball as a practical solution to a physical problem, indicating that technology and understanding of physics were indeed involved in the creation of such artworks.

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