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IELTS Practice Reading: Matching Features ID: #56156 Hard The Future is Flat
Instructions ›
Classify the following facts as referring to:
Tap any word for its meaning

The Future is Flat

Plummeting prices and ultra cool design of new flat-panel TVs are spelling the end of the conventional TV.

The panels are flat but the sales most certainly aren't. The television market, long dominated by the conventional TV, is undergoing a revolution.

 The tube' or the box' as it is often known, sits heavily in the comer of most living rooms across the planet. Beautiful, it isn't. But that's about to change if sales forecasts are realised. Already millions of families are opting for thin-screen wall-mountable plasmas and LCD TVs as the latest consumer product of choice.

Statistics show that Americans watch TV on average for four hours a day, whilst Europeans watch three hours, so it's not surprising that consumers are saying that as they spend so much time watching TV, that they might as well look at something that looks good! But it's not just viewing statistics that are impressive; the economic statistics are also looking good, with the market for thin-screen TVs worth $21 billion in 2004. Plasmas are taking the biggest slice of this market, especially for screens of 40 inches or more where they have an 88% slice of the market. LCDs are also selling fast, but relative to plasmas the growth rate is slower.

The end looks to be in sight for the conventional CRT TV, although for now, cathode-ray-tube (CRT) televisions still account for 72% of US sales. This is perhaps not surprising if you think that they have been around for over fifty years. With bargain prices starting from $100 and having an extremely long life expectancy, CRTs are not going to disappear overnight The downside of course is that they are big and bulky and are unlikely to win any design awards. The technology though, is tried and tested - all colour televisions create images using red, green and blue light but conventional televisions use an electron gun to generate these images. The cathode element within the gun emits beams of electrons which are fired at a phosphor-coated screen which is covered with blue, green and red phosphors. The larger the screen, the longer the tube needed and the bigger the box.

At present, demand for plasma TVs is overtaking that of LCDs, as prices are 10% to 20% cheaper for similar-sized screens, although this price differential is narrowing. Plasmas also beat LCDs in terms of maximum screen size, offering consumers an almost cinema-like experience with screen sizes ranging up to a massive 55 inches (137.5cm) with models such as Hitachi's PD5200. Plasmas also don't suffer from the problem of trailing edge blur with fast-moving images, which is the problem with even the best LCDs on the market. Having said that they have had some problems with image bum-in that leaves static images on the screen, like permanent ghost images. This is not so much of an issue as you might think as this is only likely to occur when the same image, such as a sign, is continuously displayed on screen. Since TV images are constantly in motion, bum-in isn't likely to be a problem so long as the screen isn't hooked up to your computer and used as a PC monitor.

LCDs, on the other hand, win hands down in terms of weight, slimness and flexibility - they can be as little as 4cm thick (Toshiba 20VL56) compared to 8-15cm for plasmas, they are more durable and weigh considerably less than their plasma equivalent, and can also be easily wall-mounted. Over the life of the product, a strong case can be made for the cost efficiency of LCDs, as they have a life expectancy of 25 years (that's at least 10 years more than plasmas) and will cost you far less for extended warranties -three-year warranties on plasmas typically start at $400 whilst for LCDs the equivalent screen size model would cost you around $150.

So, how does the technology work? Plasma screens are made up of a mesh of tiny light bulbs with each bulb filled with electrically ionised gas which glows red, green or blue. LCDs, on the other hand, are transmissive devices with screens consisting of white fluorescent light which is shone through up to a million pixels depending on the resolution of the screen. Each pixel contains liquid crystal cells with tiny micro-transistors behind them, which are turned on and off by a signal from a computer to vary the intensity of the light. This light is in turn sent through RGB filters to create the correctly coloured pixel image on the front glass screen.

The big picture then for consumers and retailers alike is that plasma and LCD TVs are today's high-tech tubes and as new players enter the market so quality and value for money will rise further. Plasmas look the better buy for the present but LCDs are likely to seize market share in the future when screen sizes get bigger and prices come down. This trend will be further accelerated with the expected entry into the market of the big PC manufacturers, offering even lower prices together with technological innovation.

A. CRTs
B. LCDs
C. Plasmas
A B C
1 Computer companies will shortly manufacture this type of TV.
2 They are relatively light and last a long time.
3 Blurring of fast moving images occurs on this type of TV.
4 They offer the best value for money flat-screen TV at the moment.
5 They are the most bulky type of TV.
6 They are becoming relatively less expensive.
AI explanationShows the answer. Tap to open.

Question Focus: Time reference and future prediction - identifying which TV type big PC manufacturers will enter with

Why this is correct: This information appears in the final paragraph. The passage says big PC manufacturers are expected to enter the market, and this prediction is linked to LCDs gaining market share in the future, so the answer is LCDs.

Passage Reference: This trend will be further accelerated with the expected entry into the market of the big PC manufacturers, offering even lower prices together with technological innovation

Common Mistake: Many students choose Plasmas because they are discussed as popular now. This is a Time/tense trap - plasmas are strong now, but the future entry of PC companies is connected to LCD growth.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'expected entry into the market of the big PC manufacturers' = Statement: 'Computer companies will shortly manufacture'

Tips: When you see future words like will shortly or expected, scan the final paragraphs for predictions.

Key Vocabulary:

  • expected = likely to happen
  • entry = joining the market

Question Focus: Synonym match - light and long-lasting

Passage Reference: LCDs, on the other hand, win hands down in terms of weight, slimness and flexibility - they can be as little as 4cm thick (Toshiba 20VL56) compared to 8-15cm for plasmas, they are more durable and weigh considerably less than their plasma equivalent

Why this is correct: In the LCD paragraph, the passage clearly says LCDs weigh considerably less and have a life expectancy of 25 years. That matches both parts of the statement exactly.

Common Mistake: Some students choose CRTs because they have a long life. This is a Partial truth trap - CRTs last long but they are not light.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'weigh considerably less' and 'life expectancy of 25 years' = Statement: 'relatively light and last a long time'

Tips: For matching features, check that all parts of the statement match the same option.

Key Vocabulary:

  • life expectancy = how long it lasts
  • considerably = much

Question Focus: Identifying a disadvantage - trailing edge blur

Passage Reference: Plasmas also don't suffer from the problem of trailing edge blur with fast-moving images, which is the problem with even the best LCDs on the market.

Why this is correct: The passage says plasmas do not suffer from trailing edge blur, and clearly states this blur is a problem with LCDs. So the answer is LCDs.

Common Mistake: Many students choose Plasmas because the paragraph is about plasmas. This is a Reverse meaning trap - the sentence explains a problem LCDs have, not plasmas.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'problem of trailing edge blur' = Statement: 'blurring of fast moving images'

Tips: Watch carefully for negative language like 'don't suffer from' - it often points to the opposite option.

Key Vocabulary:

  • suffer from = have a problem with
  • blur = unclear image

Question Focus: Current comparison - best buy now

Passage Reference: The big picture then for consumers and retailers alike is that plasma and LCD TVs are today's high-tech tubes and as new players enter the market so quality and value for money will rise further. Plasmas look the better buy for the present but LCDs are likely to seize market share in the futur

Why this is correct: The passage clearly says plasmas look the better buy for the present, which means best value for money now. That directly matches the statement.

Common Mistake: Some students choose LCDs because they last longer. This is a Context shift trap - long-term value is discussed, but the question asks about at the moment.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'better buy for the present' = Statement: 'best value for money at the moment'

Tips: Pay attention to time words like at the moment versus in the future.

Key Vocabulary:

  • better buy = better value
  • present = now

Question Focus: Physical description - size and bulk

Passage Reference: The downside of course is that they are big and bulky and are unlikely to win any design awards. The technology though, is tried and tested - all colour televisions create images using red, green and blue light but conventional televisions use an electron gun to generate these images. The cathode element within the gun emits beams of electrons which are fired at a phosphor-coated screen which is covered with blue, green and red phosphors. The larger the screen, the longer the tube needed and the bigger the box.

Why this is correct: In the CRT section, the passage directly describes them as big and bulky and explains why the box becomes bigger with screen size. This clearly refers to CRTs.

Common Mistake: Some students choose Plasmas because they are large screens. This is a Paraphrase trap - large screen size is not the same as bulky design.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'big and bulky' = Statement: 'most bulky type of TV'

Tips: Scan for strong adjectives like big, bulky, slim - they often give direct matches.

Key Vocabulary:

  • bulky = big and heavy
  • downside = disadvantage

Question Focus: Trend description - prices going down

Passage Reference: At present, demand for plasma TVs is overtaking that of LCDs, as prices are 10% to 20% cheaper for similar-sized screens, although this price differential is narrowing.

Why this is correct: The passage says plasmas are cheaper at present, but the price difference is narrowing, meaning LCDs are becoming relatively less expensive. So the answer is LCDs.

Common Mistake: Many students choose Plasmas because they are cheaper now. This is a Time/tense trap - the statement is about a change over time, not current price.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'price differential is narrowing' = Statement: 'becoming relatively less expensive'

Tips: Look for verbs showing change like 'narrowing', 'rising', or 'falling' to spot trends.

Key Vocabulary:

  • differential = difference
  • narrowing = getting smaller

General Tips:

  • Matching Features questions can jump around the passage - do not assume answers follow paragraph order.
  • Scan for keywords like product names (CRTs, LCDs, plasmas) and read a few lines around them carefully.
  • One option can be used more than once - do not cross it off after using it.
  • Always check time words like now, present, future - they are common IELTS traps.

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