The text contains eight sections, A - H.
Which section contains the following information?
One Laptop per Child - Frequently Asked Questions
A. What is the XO?
The XO laptop is Linux-based, with a dual-mode display-both a full-color, transmissive mode, and a second display option that is black and white, reflective, and sunlight-readable at three times the resolution. The XO-1.5 has a 1GHz processor and 1GB of memory, with 4 GB of /Flash disk; it does not have a hard disk, but it does have three USB ports and an SD-card slot for expansion. The laptops have wireless broadband that, among other things, allows them to work as a mesh network; each laptop is able to talk to its nearest neighbors, creating an ad hoc, local area network. The laptops are designed to be extremely power efficient, enabling the use of innovative power systems (such as solar, human power, generators, wind or water power).
B. Why do children in developing nations need laptops?
Laptops are both a window and a tool: a window out to the world and a tool with which to think. They are a wonderful way for all children to learn learning through independent interaction and exploration.
C. Why not a desktop computer, or-even better-a recycled desktop machine?
Desktops are cheaper, but mobility is important, especially with regard to taking the computer home at night. Kids in the developing world need the newest technology, especially really rugged hardware and innovative software. Recent work with schools in Maine has shown the huge value of using a laptop across all of one’s studies, as well as for play. Bringing the laptop home engages the family. In one Cambodian village where we have been working, there is no electricity, thus the laptop is, among other things, the brightest light source in the home. Regarding recycled machines: if we estimate 100 million available used desktops, and each one requires only one hour of human attention to refurbish, reload, and handle, that is tens of thousands of work years. Thus, while we definitely encourage the recycling of used computers, it is not the solution for One Laptop per Child.
D. How is it possible to get the cost so low?
First, by dramatically lowering the cost of the display. The first-generation machine will have a novel, dual-mode display that represents improvements to the LCD displays commonly found in inexpensive DVD players. These displays can be used in high-resolution black and white in bright sunlight-all at a cost of approximately $35.
Second, we take the fat out of the systems. Today’s laptops have become obese. Two-thirds of their software is used to manage the other third, which mostly does the same functions nine different ways.
Third, we market the laptops in very large numbers, directly to ministries of education, which can distribute them like textbooks.
E. Why is it important for each child to have a computer?
One does not think of community pencils-kids have their own. They are tools to think with, sufficiently inexpensive to be used for work and play, drawing, writing, and mathematics. A computer can be the same, but far more powerful. Furthermore, there are many reasons it is important for a child to own something-like a football, doll, or book-not the least of which being that these belongings will be well-maintained through love and care.
F. What can a $2000 laptop do that the $200 version cannot?
The XO laptop is built for learning and designed specifically with children in mind. Because of this, the features deemed most valuable for its purposes are as good (and in many cases, better) than comparable features on a $2000 laptop. For instance, the XO’s screen can be viewed as clearly as a newspaper in broad daylight, and the wireless range of the XO is several times longer than your average laptop. It’s also more rugged, resilient and power efficient than most other laptops on the market. While other features, such as power and speed, do not compare to more expensive machines, they meet the necessary requirements for learning.
G. How will these be distributed?
In the general case, the laptops will be sold to governments and issued to children by schools on a basis of one laptop per child; using this model, we began deployments around the world at the end of 2007. An additional allocation of machines has been used to seed the developer community, to enable a broader community of participation.
H. Who is the original design manufacturer (ODM) of the XO?
Quanta Computer Inc. of Taiwan has been chosen as the original design manufacturer (ODM) for the XO project. The decision was made after the board reviewed bids from several possible manufacturing companies.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When the first XOs were sent out. | ||||||||
| 2 | The comparative speed of the XO laptop. | ||||||||
| 3 | The ability of the XO laptops to form a local network. | ||||||||
| 4 | The merits of children owning something. | ||||||||
| 5 | How the XO helps children to learn. | ||||||||
| 6 | The problem with traditional laptops. | ||||||||
| 7 | How the Xo can help families. |
AI explanationShows the answer. Tap to open.
Question Focus: Time reference - identifying when distribution began
Why this is correct: The answer is Section G because it clearly tells us when the laptops were first distributed. The phrase began deployments at the end of 2007 directly answers when the first XOs were sent out.
Passage Reference: In the general case, the laptops will be sold to governments and issued to children by schools on a basis of one laptop per child; using this model, we began deployments around the world at the end of 2007.
Common Mistake: Students sometimes choose Section A because it talks a lot about the laptop itself. That is a Wrong section trap because Section A explains features, not timing.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'began deployments at the end of 2007' = Statement: 'when the first XOs were sent out'
Tips: For time questions, scan for years or dates like 2007.
Key Vocabulary:
- deployments = sending out
- issued = given out
Question Focus: Comparison - XO speed compared with expensive laptops
Passage Reference: While other features, such as power and speed, do not compare to more expensive machines, they meet the necessary requirements for learning. G.
Why this is correct: The answer is Section F because it directly compares the XO with a $2000 laptop. It says the power and speed do not compare, which tells us about the XO's speed in comparison to other laptops.
Common Mistake: Some students choose Section A because it mentions a processor. That is a Partial truth trap because it gives specifications but no comparison.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'power and speed do not compare' = Statement: 'comparative speed'
Tips: Words like compare, better, worse usually appear in comparison sections.
Key Vocabulary:
- compare = judge differences
- requirements = needs
Question Focus: Technical feature - networking ability
Passage Reference: The laptops have wireless broadband that, among other things, allows them to work as a mesh network; each laptop is able to talk to its nearest neighbors, creating an ad hoc, local area network.
Why this is correct: The answer is Section A because it explains that laptops can talk to nearby laptops and create a local area network. This directly matches the idea of forming a local network.
Common Mistake: Students may choose Section G because it talks about distribution models. That is a Context shift trap because it is about giving laptops, not how they connect.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'mesh network' and 'local area network' = Statement: 'form a local network'
Tips: For technology features, scan Section A first.
Key Vocabulary:
- mesh network = connected group
- local = nearby
Question Focus: Benefits of personal ownership
Passage Reference: Furthermore, there are many reasons it is important for a child to own something-like a football, doll, or book-not the least of which being that these belongings will be well-maintained through love and care. F.
Why this is correct: The answer is Section E because it explains why ownership matters for children. It says owning things leads to love and care, which clearly shows the merits of ownership.
Common Mistake: Some students choose Section B because it talks about learning. That is a Wrong section trap because it does not focus on ownership.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'important for a child to own something' = Statement: 'merits of children owning something'
Tips: Look for opinion language like important, reasons, benefits.
Key Vocabulary:
- merits = advantages
- maintained = looked after
Question Focus: Learning benefits
Passage Reference: Laptops are both a window and a tool: a window out to the world and a tool with which to think. They are a wonderful way for all children to learn learning through independent interaction and exploration. C.
Why this is correct: The answer is Section B because it clearly explains learning benefits. The XO is described as a tool with which to think and helps children learn through exploration.
Common Mistake: Students sometimes pick Section E because it mentions thinking tools. That is a Context shift trap because Section E focuses on ownership, not learning methods.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'tool with which to think' = Statement: 'helps children to learn'
Tips: Learning questions usually appear early in the passage.
Key Vocabulary:
- interaction = active use
- exploration = learning by trying
Question Focus: Criticism of normal laptops
Passage Reference: Today's laptops have become obese. Two-thirds of their software is used to manage the other third, which mostly does the same functions nine different ways.
Why this is correct: The answer is Section D because it criticizes modern laptops for having too much unnecessary software. This clearly explains the problem with traditional laptops.
Common Mistake: Some students choose Section F because it compares laptops. That is a Partial truth trap because Section F focuses on abilities, not problems.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'have become obese' = Statement: 'problem with traditional laptops'
Tips: Negative language often signals a problem-focused section.
Key Vocabulary:
- obese = too large
- fat = unnecessary parts
Question Focus: Impact on families and home life
Passage Reference: Bringing the laptop home engages the family. In one Cambodian village where we have been working, there is no electricity, thus the laptop is, among other things, the brightest light source in the home.
Why this is correct: The answer is Section C because it explains what happens when children bring laptops home. It says this engages the family and even helps homes with no electricity.
Common Mistake: Students may choose Section E because it mentions family values. That is a Context shift trap because it does not describe practical family help.
Paraphrasing: Passage: 'engages the family' = Statement: 'help families'
Tips: Look for examples involving home or family life.
Key Vocabulary:
- engages = involves
- electricity = power
General Tips:
- Matching Features questions can jump around the passage - do not assume the answers follow order.
- Scan section headings first to understand the main topic of each section.
- Match meaning, not single words - look for paraphrases.
- The same section can be used more than once in other matching tasks.
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