Passage Reference: Crowdmapping produces a picture of events on the ground as they happen by taking text messages and social media feeds together with geographic data to distribute real-time, interactive information on events such as revolutions, wars, humanitarian crises and natural disasters.

Common Mistake: Some students choose official sources because they also provide information. But official sources are mentioned later, not at the start. This is a wrong section trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'social media feeds' = Diagram: 'information source'

Tips: For diagram questions, always start with the first step and find the matching sentence at the beginning of the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• feeds = streams of updates
• collectively = together

Question Focus: The diagram adds another source of information used in crowdmapping.

Correct Answer: E

Passage Reference: Some of the information comes from official sources such as the United Nations

Why this is correct: The diagram shows an additional information source. The passage clearly says some of the information comes from official sources such as the United Nations. That directly matches official sources.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes pick social media feeds again because it feels important. But each option is used once, and this step is about a different source. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'official sources such as the United Nations' = Diagram: 'information from authorities'

Tips: Check that you do not reuse an option. Each word from the box can be used only once.

Key Vocabulary:

• official = from authorities
• sources = providers of information

Question Focus: The diagram shows what people do with the incoming information.

Correct Answer: D

Passage Reference: When an emergency situation arises, a small army of volunteers comes together to collect incoming information and put it on the map. Some of the information comes from official sources such as the United Nations, but the most powerful aspect of data collection is the ability to pull information from Twitter posts, emails and text messages. Once this information is available, volunteers collaborate via the Internet to put data on to a map, which is updated every second to build a comprehensive picture of the scale and severity of the disaster. Volunteers from all over the world translate the messages coming in from the disaster zone into English and plot the information on the live interactive map

Why this is correct: This stage of the diagram focuses on human action. The passage explains that volunteers come together, collect incoming information, and translate the messages. That matches volunteers collect and translate.

Common Mistake: Some choose emergency services because emergencies are mentioned. But this step is about volunteers working online, not aid organisations. This is a context shift trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'volunteers translate the messages' = Diagram: 'volunteers collect and translate'

Tips: Look for action verbs in the diagram like collect or translate and match them to verbs in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• volunteers = unpaid helpers
• translate = change into another language

Question Focus: The diagram shows where all the processed information appears.

Correct Answer: A

Passage Reference: put data on to a map, which is updated every second to build a comprehensive picture of the scale and severity of the disaster. Volunteers from all over the world translate the messages coming in from the disaster zone into English and plot the information on the live interactive map

Why this is correct: The diagram points to the final display of information. The passage says data is put on a live interactive map that is updated every second. So the answer is interactive map.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes choose emergency services because they use the information. But this label is about the map itself, not who uses it. This is a wrong focus trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'live interactive map' = Diagram: 'map showing information'

Tips: If the diagram mentions something visual or a display, look for words like map or visualisation in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• interactive = you can use and change it
• live = updated in real time

Question Focus: The diagram shows who uses the mapped information to take action.

Correct Answer: C

Why this is correct: At the final stage, the diagram shows who benefits from the map. The passage says the information is collected so emergency aid services can use and act on it. This matches emergency services.

Common Mistake: Some students pick volunteers collect and translate again because volunteers are important. But this step is about using the information, not preparing it. This is a sequence trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'emergency aid services can use and act on' = Diagram: 'emergency services'

Tips: Follow the process from start to end. The last label usually shows the final user or result.

Key Vocabulary:

• aid = help
• act on = take action using information

General Tips:

• Diagram labels usually follow the same order as the passage. Read from top to bottom.
• Always ask yourself what the diagram sentence is focusing on - source, action, or result.
• Cross out each option after you use it so you do not reuse the same word.
• If two options look similar, go back to the exact sentence and match the meaning, not just the topic.