Passage Reference: All of this changed when people became sedentary. Tents were supplanted by more substantial abodes, and a permanent hearth became the center of the home. Numerous huts sprang up in fertile areas

Common Mistake: Some students choose Initially, early tribes travelled from place to place living in tents because it also sounds like the beginning. But that describes an earlier stage before settling down. This is a time/tense trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'became sedentary ... numerous huts sprang up' = Diagram: 'settled down ... lived in groups of huts'

Tips: Always check whether the diagram step is describing an early stage or a later stage in time.

Key Vocabulary:

• sedentary = settled in one place
• hut = small simple house

Question Focus: The diagram now explains the earliest lifestyle and the first connections between villages.

Correct Answer: D

Passage Reference: Until then they had been exposed to the weather, precariously protected by tents of animal skins. Perpetually on the move, they cooked over campfires and gathered in small tribes. All of this changed when people became sedentary. Tents were supplanted by more substantial abodes, and a permanent hearth became the center of the home. Numerous huts sprang up in fertile areas; contact between families became more frequent and intimate; villages grew. From village to village a network of paths was worn.

Why this is correct: The diagram mentions travelling tribes, tents, and then primitive roads. The passage says people were on the move, lived in tents of animal skins, and later paths were worn from village to village. This matches the option exactly.

Common Mistake: Some students choose Subsequently, primitive roads were trodden between villages alone. But the diagram step includes both the travelling tribes and the roads. Choosing only roads is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'on the move ... tents ... network of paths' = Diagram: 'travelled from place to place ... tents ... primitive roads'

Tips: If the diagram sentence has two ideas, make sure your option includes both.

Key Vocabulary:

• trodden = worn by walking
• tribe = social group

Question Focus: This diagram position focuses only on the development of connections between villages.

Correct Answer: F

Passage Reference: From village to village a network of paths was worn. At times paths had to cross rivers and ravines, requiring the construction of footbridges

Why this is correct: Here the diagram highlights the creation of roads or paths. The passage clearly says a network of paths was worn from village to village, which is the same idea. So the answer is Subsequently, primitive roads were trodden between villages.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes repeat the longer sentence about travelling tribes again. But this step only shows roads, not tents or movement. That is a context shift trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'network of paths was worn' = Diagram: 'primitive roads were trodden'

Tips: Do not reuse an idea just because it sounded correct earlier. Each diagram step usually shows new information.

Key Vocabulary:

• network = connected system
• path = small road

Question Focus: The diagram now moves to the growth of towns and cities.

Correct Answer: A

Passage Reference: Changes in architecture, more quantitative than qualitative, have been motivated by the conglomeration of people. The city is a friend to architecture. Whether we gathered in villages, and then towns and cities, the better to defend ourselves from enemies or whether the exchange of trades and crafts required the proximity of first hundreds

Why this is correct: The diagram talks about communities growing larger for protection and trade. The passage explains people gathered to defend themselves from enemies and for the exchange of trades and crafts. This matches perfectly.

Common Mistake: Some students choose the option about technology here. But technology is discussed later in the passage. This is a wrong section trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'defend ourselves ... exchange of trades' = Diagram: 'better protection ... more effective trade'

Tips: Follow paragraph order. When the passage shifts to cities, the diagram usually does too.

Key Vocabulary:

• conglomeration = gathering together
• trade = buying and selling

Question Focus: This diagram step asks about the reason for building bigger structures.

Correct Answer: E

Passage Reference: The clustering of huts created the need for larger huts where village problems could be discussed. These larger structures served both as town halls and churches, since spiritual needs have always gone hand in hand with the physical.

Why this is correct: The diagram mentions larger buildings used for social purposes. The passage says there was a need for larger huts where village problems could be discussed, which are social gatherings. So this option fits exactly.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes choose the option about protection and trade again. But here the focus is on meetings and discussion, not defense. This is a context shift trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'larger huts ... problems could be discussed' = Diagram: 'larger buildings for social gatherings'

Tips: Look for purpose words like 'need for' or 'used for' to understand why something was built.

Key Vocabulary:

• clustering = grouping together
• spiritual = related to beliefs

Question Focus: The final diagram step refers to modern times and technology.

Correct Answer: B

Passage Reference: If architecture has never changed much in its functional aspects, it has undergone a fantastic technical revolution. The needs of the city will be satisfied, and technology, spurred by the discoveries and inventions of the industrial and scientific revolutions, has come to help.

Why this is correct: The diagram ends with recent technological developments. The passage explains there has been a fantastic technical revolution and that technology has come to help cities meet their needs. So this option is the best match.

Common Mistake: Some students think technology changed architecture completely. But the passage says functions stayed similar. Thinking technology changed everything is a paraphrase trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'technical revolution ... technology has come to help' = Diagram: 'recent technological developments allowed cities'

Tips: When you see words like 'recent' or 'modern', jump to the final paragraphs of the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• density = how crowded a place is
• revolution = major change

General Tips:

• Diagram questions usually follow passage order from top to bottom.
• Always match the time stage shown in the diagram with the correct paragraph.
• Do not reuse the same idea twice unless the diagram clearly repeats it.
• Watch out for long options that include extra ideas not shown in the diagram.