Passage Reference: For example, it is estimated that New Zealand has some 30 species of Gigartina, a close relative of carrageen or Irish moss. These are often referred to as the New Zealand carrageens.

Common Mistake: Students may write carrageen or Irish moss, but that is a related species worldwide, not the New Zealand group. This is a context shift trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'referred to as the New Zealand carrageens' = Diagram: 'name/origin of the seaweed species'

Tips: When a diagram asks for a label or name, look for phrases like 'referred to as' in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• species = type
• referred to as = called

Question Focus: Identifying the substance extracted from seaweed

Correct Answer: agar

Passage Reference: The substance called agar which can be extracted from these species gives them great commercial applicatio

Why this is correct: The diagram shows something being taken out of the seaweed. The passage clearly says the substance called agar can be extracted from these species.

Common Mistake: Students may write carrageen, but that is the seaweed group, not the extracted substance. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'substance called agar which can be extracted' = Diagram: 'substance taken from seaweed'

Tips: If the diagram shows a process, focus on verbs like 'extracted' in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• extract = take out
• substance = material

Question Focus: Identifying a product made using agar

Correct Answer: seameal

Passage Reference: gives them great commercial application in the production of seameal, from which seameal custar

Why this is correct: The diagram step shows a product made from agar before custard. The passage says agar is used in the production of seameal, from which seameal custard is made.

Common Mistake: Students may write seameal custard, but the diagram gap comes before custard is made. This is a wrong section trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'production of seameal' = Diagram: 'product made using agar'

Tips: Check the order of steps carefully. Diagrams usually follow the exact process order in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• production = making
• custard = dessert

Question Focus: Identifying medical uses of agar

Correct Answer: cough mixtures

Passage Reference: Agar is also used in the manufacture of cough mixtures, cosmetics, confectionery and toothpastes.

Why this is correct: The diagram lists end uses of agar. The passage states that agar is used in the manufacture of cough mixtures, which matches the diagram label.

Common Mistake: Students may write toothpaste or cosmetics, but the diagram arrow points to the medicine use. This is a context shift trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'used in the manufacture of cough mixtures' = Diagram: 'medical products made from agar'

Tips: When several examples are listed, match the diagram picture or category, not just any word from the sentence.

Key Vocabulary:

• manufacture = make
• mixture = combination

General Tips:

• Diagram completion answers follow passage order, so move forward in the text step by step.
• Always copy the exact word from the passage. Do not change it or use a synonym.
• Check the word limit carefully. More than three words is automatically wrong.
• Look at what the diagram is showing. Substance, product, or use can guide you.