Passage Reference: The aims of the programme are to develop participants' advocacy and dissemination skills, as well as their formal knowledge of human rights law and the means for its enforcement.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes write law only, but this is too general and loses the key topic. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'formal knowledge of human rights law' = Summary: 'The course is about'

Tips: When the summary asks what a course is about, look for the aims or subject description early in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• advocacy = public support
• enforcement = making sure laws are followed

Question Focus: Synonym match - summary paraphrases a description of readiness

Correct Answer: prepared

Passage Reference: potential applicants should therefore be confident that they are academically and linguistically prepared for such a programme.

Why this is correct: The passage says applicants should be prepared academically and linguistically. The summary repeats this idea with a gap, so copying prepared is correct.

Common Mistake: Students may write ready, but IELTS requires the exact word from the passage. This is a synonym trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'academically and linguistically prepared' = Summary: 'sufficiently ... both academically and linguistically'

Tips: Always copy the exact word from the passage, even if a synonym seems easier.

Key Vocabulary:

• intensive = very demanding

Question Focus: Detail match - identifying the correct English test and score

Correct Answer: internet-based TOEFL

Passage Reference: Internet-based TOEFL: minimum overall score of 100

Why this is correct: The passage states a minimum score of 100 for the Internet-based TOEFL. The summary mentions 'minimum of 100', so this exact test name is required.

Common Mistake: Some students write TOEFL only, but that is incomplete because the passage lists different TOEFL types. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'Internet-based TOEFL: minimum overall score of 100' = Summary: 'minimum of 100 in the ... test'

Tips: When numbers appear in the summary, carefully match them to the correct name or condition in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• proficiency = language ability

Question Focus: Synonym match - 'end of course' paraphrases 'end of the programme'

Correct Answer: examinations

Passage Reference: The examinations at the end of the programme are optional but those students seeking credit from the programme will need to sit them.

Why this is correct: The passage explains that students who want credit must sit the examinations at the end. The summary uses 'end of course', which means the same thing.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes write tests, but that word does not appear in the passage. This is a synonym trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'examinations at the end of the programme' = Summary: 'end of course'

Tips: Look for paraphrases like 'course' and 'programme'. They often refer to the same idea.

Key Vocabulary:

• optional = not required

Question Focus: Direct word match - identifying ABA recognition

Correct Answer: accredited

Passage Reference: and is also accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) for 5 semester credits

Why this is correct: The passage clearly says the programme is accredited by the American Bar Association. The summary shortens this to 'The ABA have ... this course.'

Common Mistake: Students may write approved, but that word is not used in the passage. This is a synonym trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'accredited by the American Bar Association' = Summary: 'The ABA have ... this course'

Tips: When you see an organisation name in the summary, scan for the same name in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• accredited = officially recognised

Question Focus: Synonym match - time reference paraphrase

Correct Answer: advance

Passage Reference: must make appropriate arrangements with that institution in advance.

Why this is correct: The passage says arrangements must be made in advance with the home institution. The summary repeats this idea directly.

Common Mistake: Some students write beforehand, but that word is not in the passage. This is a synonym trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'make appropriate arrangements ... in advance' = Summary: 'organise this in ...'

Tips: Short answers like this are often copied exactly. Do not change the form.

Key Vocabulary:

• arrangements = plans

Question Focus: Detail match - locating a specific date

Correct Answer: Thursday 5 August

Passage Reference: Thursday 5 August is a reading day.

Why this is correct: The course structure section states that Thursday 5 August is a reading day. The summary asks for the scheduled date.

Common Mistake: Students may write only 5 August, but the passage includes the day as well. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'Thursday 5 August is a reading day' = Summary: 'A reading day has been scheduled on ...'

Tips: For dates, copy the full expression exactly as it appears in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

• scheduled = planned

General Tips:

• FIB answers follow passage order, so use the previous answer to help you find the next one quickly.
• Always check the word limit. More than three words is automatically wrong.
• Copy the exact word or phrase from the passage. Do not change it to a synonym.
• Use grammar clues like prepositions and verb forms to decide what type of word is missing.