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IELTS Practice Reading: Note/Summary Completion ID: #59326 Medium Yellow 27
Instructions ›
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Tap any word for its meaning

Words Fail Them

A. It seems companies will soon begin to say goodbye to the written word. The basic unit of communication will no longer be typed out in emails. It will be shot in pictures and shown on video. Companies have already discovered that the written word is failing them. Its feebleness compared with the moving image was rammed home in 2010 when the sight of BP’s oil spewing out into the Gulf of Mexico on YouTube sent a message to the world far more compelling than any written statement could ever be.

B. If the word has become weak at conveying big corporate messages, it has become even weaker at conveying small ones. For years the in-boxes of all office workers have been overflowing with unread emails. But managers will do something about it and desist from communicating with staff in this way. Email will still exist as a way of talking to one person at a time, but as a means of mass communication, it will be finished. Companies will find instead that to get a message over to employees, customers, shareholders and the outside world; video is far more effective.

C. In the past three years, video has come from nothing to make up nearly half of the Internet traffic; in another three, it is likely to be more than three-quarters. So far, corporations have taken a back seat in this growth, but they will soon need to climb into the front and start to drive it.

D. This shift in communications will have three important effects. It will change the sort of person who makes it to the corner office. It will alter the way that businesses are managed. And it will shift the position corporations occupy in society and possibly make us like some of them just a little bit more.

E. The new corporate leaders will no longer be pen pushers and bean counters. The 20-year reign of faceless bosses will come to an end. Charisma will be back in: all successful business chiefs will have to be storytellers and performers. Just as political leaders have long had to be dynamite on TV to stand much hope of election or survival, so too will corporate leaders. They must be able to sell not only their vision of their companies but their vision of themselves. The new big boss will be expected to set an example; any leaders showing signs of human frailty will be out on their ears. The moral majority will tighten its hold on corporate life, first in America, but then elsewhere too.

F. With this shift will come a change in management style. Numbers and facts will be supplanted by appeals to emotion to make employees and customers do what they are told. The businessperson’s emotion may be no more genuine than the politician’s, but successful bosses will get good at faking it. Others will struggle; prepare to cringe in as corporate leaders spout a lot of phoney stuff that used to look bad enough when written down but will sound even worse spoken.

G. One good consequence of the change, however, will be greater clarity in the way companies think about their businesses. The written word was a forgiving medium for over-complicated, ill-conceived messages. Video demands simplicity. The best companies will use this to their advantage by thinking through more rigorously what it is they are trying to say and do.

3 blanks 3 words max

One change which is predicted is that in order to motivate , managers will use different techniques, for example, using  rather than data. Another change, and no doubt a positive one, is that because of the need for  when using video, companies will have to bring more clarity to their business.

AI explanationShows the answer. Tap to open.

Question Focus: Synonym match - summary says 'motivate' but the passage talks about making people do what they are told

Correct Answer: employees and customers

Why this is correct: The summary talks about who managers want to motivate. In the passage, it clearly says managers will use new techniques to make employees and customers act in a certain way. This directly matches the gap.

Passage Reference: With this shift will come a change in management style. Numbers and facts will be supplanted by appeals to emotion to make employees and customers do what they are told.

Common Mistake: Students often write staff or workers because these words appear earlier in the passage. You must use the exact words from the correct sentence. This is a wrong section trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'make employees and customers do what they are told' = Summary: 'in order to motivate employees and customers'

Tips: When a gap asks about people, scan for plural nouns like 'employees', 'customers', or 'managers' in the relevant paragraph.

Key Vocabulary:

  • motivate = encourage to act
  • shift = change

Question Focus: Synonym match - summary says 'using different techniques' and contrasts with 'data'

Correct Answer: emotion

Passage Reference: With this shift will come a change in management style. Numbers and facts will be supplanted by appeals to emotion to make employees and customers do what they are told.

Why this is correct: The summary contrasts this gap with 'data'. In the passage, it says numbers and facts will be replaced by appeals to emotion, so the single word needed is emotion.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes write appeals or emotional. These change the grammar and are not the exact word needed. This is a grammar fit trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'appeals to emotion rather than numbers and facts' = Summary: 'using emotion rather than data'

Tips: If the summary contrasts two ideas using 'rather than', look for the same contrast in the passage.

Key Vocabulary:

  • supplanted = replaced
  • appeal = attempt to persuade

Question Focus: Synonym match - summary talks about clarity because of video

Correct Answer: simplicity

Passage Reference: One good consequence of the change, however, will be greater clarity in the way companies think about their businesses. The written word was a forgiving medium for over-complicated, ill-conceived messages. Video demands simplicity. The best companies will use this to their advantage by thinking through more rigorously what it is they are trying to say and do.

Why this is correct: The summary explains that video forces companies to be clearer. The passage states this directly with the sentence Video demands simplicity, which is why simplicity fits the gap.

Common Mistake: Students often write clarity because the summary uses that word. You must copy the exact word from the passage. This is a synonym trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'Video demands simplicity' = Summary: 'because of the need for simplicity when using video'

Tips: When the summary explains a reason, look for a strong sentence in the passage using words like 'demands' or 'requires'.

Key Vocabulary:

  • demands = requires
  • rigorously = very carefully

General Tips:

  • Summary completion questions follow passage order. Once you find gap 1, the answers to gap 2 and 3 will be after it.
  • Always copy the exact word from the passage. Do not replace it with a synonym you think sounds better.
  • Check the grammar around the gap. Words like 'using' or 'the need for' tell you what form the answer must take.
  • Keep an eye on the word limit. Even a correct idea is wrong if it has too many words.

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