Passage Reference: You will be instructed at the beginning of each laboratory period, as to the potential dangers that may be encountered and the proper precautions that are required to eliminate or reduce such hazards.

Common Mistake: Some students miss the phrase 'laboratory period' and think the timing is unclear. This is a Paraphrase trap because different words are used for the same meaning.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'at the beginning of each laboratory period' = Statement: 'at the start of each lab session'

Tips: Always look for time phrases like 'at the beginning' because they often match words like 'at the start'.

Key Vocabulary:

• period = session
• precautions = safety steps

Question Focus: Contradiction - permission is always required

Correct Answer: FALSE

Passage Reference: No changes from the instructions will be allowed without permission from the teacher or instructor. Never perform any activity that is not authorized or supervised by the teacher or instructor.

Why this is correct: This statement is FALSE because the passage clearly says permission or authorization from the teacher is required. The statement claims permission is not necessary, which is the opposite.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes think this is NOT GIVEN because the word 'experiment' is not repeated. This is a Contradiction trap because the passage clearly says activities must be authorized.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'not authorized or supervised by the teacher' = Statement: 'not necessary to get a teacher's permission'

Tips: If the passage says something is required, and the statement says it is not required, check carefully for a direct contradiction.

Key Vocabulary:

• authorized = officially allowed
• permission = approval

Question Focus: Specific clothing rule

Correct Answer: NOT GIVEN

Passage Reference: No eating, drinking or applications of cosmetics is allowed in the laboratory. All personal possessions such as books, coats, and papers, that are not related to the laboratory procedure should not be brought into the laboratory work area.

Why this is correct: This statement is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not mention shoes or high heels at all. It talks about cosmetics and personal possessions, but nothing about footwear.

Common Mistake: Students often answer FALSE because they assume labs usually ban high heels. This is a Not Given trap because the passage never discusses this rule.

Paraphrasing: Passage: no mention of shoes = Statement: 'high heels'

Tips: Do not use your own knowledge. If the passage does not mention it, choose NOT GIVEN.

Key Vocabulary:

• cosmetics = makeup products
• possessions = personal items

Question Focus: Synonym match - 'tossing objects' = 'throw anything'

Correct Answer: TRUE

Passage Reference: Careless behavior in a laboratory can cause accidents. Horseplay, teasing, loud talking or tossing objects are are not allowed in a laboratory.

Why this is correct: This statement is TRUE because 'throw anything' matches the phrase tossing objects in the passage. Both mean the same action.

Common Mistake: Some students think tossing is playful and not serious. This is a Synonym match that must be recognized.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'tossing objects' = Statement: 'throw anything'

Tips: Learn common action synonyms like toss, throw, and drop. IELTS often tests these.

Key Vocabulary:

• tossing = throwing lightly
• horseplay = rough or silly behavior

Question Focus: Partial truth - condition is missing

Correct Answer: FALSE

Passage Reference: All personal possessions such as books, coats, and papers, that are not related to the laboratory procedure should not be brought into the laboratory work area.

Why this is correct: This statement is FALSE because the passage says only books not related to the laboratory procedure should be kept out. The statement says all books, which is too extreme.

Common Mistake: Students miss the condition and choose TRUE. This is a Partial truth trap because an important detail is removed.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'books that are not related to the laboratory procedure' = Statement: 'all books'

Tips: Watch for words like all or only. These often make a statement false.

Key Vocabulary:

• related = connected
• procedure = set of steps

Question Focus: Synonym match - 'reach over' = 'stretch across'

Correct Answer: TRUE

Passage Reference: Never reach over a Bunsen burner, chemical reagents or other laboratory equipment.

Why this is correct: This statement is TRUE because 'stretch across' has the same meaning as reach over equipment during an experiment.

Common Mistake: Some students think stretch is stronger than reach. This is a Synonym match and the meaning is the same.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'reach over' = Statement: 'stretch across'

Tips: Do not focus on small word differences. Focus on the action being described.

Key Vocabulary:

• reagents = chemicals
• reach = extend your arm

Question Focus: Added detail - cleaning equipment

Correct Answer: FALSE

Passage Reference: At the completion of the laboratory period or when an experiment is complete, return all equipment to proper storage and clean the work area.

Why this is correct: This statement is FALSE because the passage says to clean the work area, not to clean all equipment. The statement adds extra information that is not stated.

Common Mistake: Students assume cleaning equipment is the same as cleaning the area. This is a Partial truth trap because the detail is changed.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'clean the work area' = Statement: 'clean all the equipment'

Tips: Check exactly what must be cleaned. IELTS often changes one small detail.

Key Vocabulary:

• completion = end
• storage = place where items are kept

General Tips:

• TFNG questions follow passage order. Use the previous answer to help you find the next one faster.
• FALSE means the passage clearly says the opposite. NOT GIVEN means the passage does not talk about that specific idea.
• Be careful with extreme words like all, never, and only. They often make statements false.
• Do not add your own knowledge. Use only the words in the passage.