Transcript:
On the nature side, we have what we get from our genes, our inherited traits - eye color and other physical traits, for example, but also, some believe, non-physical ones, such as temperament. For example, you might be quick to anger, or have a nervous temperament, and this even extends to sense of humor. On the nurture side, there is what we get from our environment and our upbringing, what we learn.
Research into the human genome has recently made it clear that both sides are partly right. Nature gives us inborn abilities and traits while nurture takes these genetic tendencies and shapes them as we grow and learn and mature. This is an important point as it means, contrary to the belief of some, that we are not wholly determined by our genes. Scientists have known for years that eye and hair color are determined by specific genes, but some now claim that such traits as intelligence and personality are also encoded in our genes.
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Option 3: "Some scientists now believe intelligence is genetically determined."
Explanation: The text supports this statement by mentioning that some scientists claim traits such as intelligence are encoded in our genes. This aligns directly with the content of the text, making it the correct answer.
Option 1: "Our genetic inheritance plays a greater role than the environment in making us who we are."
Explanation: The text states that both nature and nurture play important roles in shaping who we are, emphasizing that it is a question of emphasis rather than one being greater than the other. Therefore, this option misrepresents the balance described in the text.
Option 2: "Our temperaments are determined by our environment."
Explanation: The text mentions that temperament can be influenced by genetics, indicating that it is not solely determined by the environment. This option contradicts the information provided in the text.
Option 4: "All non-physical traits are inherited."
Explanation: The text does not claim that all non-physical traits are inherited; it suggests that some traits, including temperament and possibly intelligence, may have genetic components, but it does not generalize this to all non-physical traits. Thus, this option is too broad and inaccurate.
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