The rise of so-called superbugs can be put down to the general misuse of modern antibiotics since their development in the 1940s. Superbugs are generally defined as micro-organisms which are resistant to antibiotics and these types of bacteria can be divided into two different classes: Gram negative and Gram positive. Gram-negative strains are the most difficult to treat because of their additional outer membrane which drugs are unable to penetrate. Should any antibiotics make it through the membrane, the bacteria have a pumping mechanism which rapidly pushes it back out again. Gram-positive bacteria, on the other hand, are easier to treat, but there are many more forms of drug-resistant infections in this group than there are drugs to treat them. In 2013 there were 30,000 Gram-negative infections, while there were over a million Gram-positive infections. These superbugs have begun to spread as a direct result of the ongoing poor controls on antibiotic use around the world. In many countries.